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Scale model at megameters of the main Solar System bodies. To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths starting at 10 8 meters (100 megameters or 100,000 kilometers or 62,150 miles). 102 Mm – diameter of HD 149026 b, an unusually dense Jovian planet; 115 Mm – width of Saturn's Rings
In chemistry, a formula unit is the smallest unit of a non-molecular substance, such as an ionic compound, covalent network solid, or metal. [1] [2] It can also refer to the chemical formula for that unit. Those structures do not consist of discrete molecules, and so for them, the term formula unit is used.
Lee [4] developed a modified form of the Antoine equation that allows for calculating vapor pressure across the entire temperature range using the acentric factor (𝜔) of a substance. The fundamental structure of the equation is based on the van der Waals equation and builds upon the findings of Wall [ 5 ] and Gutmann et al. [ 6 ] , who ...
In chemistry, the mass fraction of a substance within a mixture is the ratio (alternatively denoted ) of the mass of that substance to the total mass of the mixture. [1] Expressed as a formula, the mass fraction is:
where A and B are reactants C is a product a, b, and c are stoichiometric coefficients,. the reaction rate is often found to have the form: = [] [] Here is the reaction rate constant that depends on temperature, and [A] and [B] are the molar concentrations of substances A and B in moles per unit volume of solution, assuming the reaction is taking place throughout the volume of the ...
An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; [1] unofficially but often Eq [2]) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount (typically one mole) of another substance in a given chemical reaction. It is an archaic quantity that was used in chemistry and the biological sciences (see Equivalent weight § In ...
This formula leads to the Nernst equation when applied to the oxidation-reduction reaction which generates the voltage of a voltaic cell. Analogously, the relation between the change in reaction enthalpy and enthalpy can be defined. For example, [8] = (),
As can be seen, when the dimensional units appearing in the numerator and denominator of the equation's right hand side are cancelled out, both sides of the equation have the same dimensional units. Dimensional analysis can be used as a tool to construct equations that relate non-associated physico-chemical properties.