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Natural language processing (NLP) is a subfield of computer science and especially artificial intelligence.It is primarily concerned with providing computers with the ability to process data encoded in natural language and is thus closely related to information retrieval, knowledge representation and computational linguistics, a subfield of linguistics.
When AI is used for translating between languages, it can even create a new shared language to make the process easier. Natural Language Processing (NLP) helps these systems understand and generate human-like language, making it possible for AI to interact and communicate more naturally with people.
A large language model (LLM) is a type of machine learning model designed for natural language processing tasks such as language generation. LLMs are language models with many parameters, and are trained with self-supervised learning on a vast amount of text.
There is also the notion of “system” as used by J.R. Firth, where linguistic systems are considered to furnish the background for elements of structure. [3] Halliday argues that, unlike system in the sense in which it was used by Firth was a conception only found in Firth’s linguistic theory. [4]
Natural language generation (NLG) is a software process that produces natural language output. A widely-cited survey of NLG methods describes NLG as "the subfield of artificial intelligence and computational linguistics that is concerned with the construction of computer systems that can produce understandable texts in English or other human languages from some underlying non-linguistic ...
Rule-based machine translation (RBMT; "Classical Approach" of MT) is machine translation systems based on linguistic information about source and target languages basically retrieved from (unilingual, bilingual or multilingual) dictionaries and grammars covering the main semantic, morphological, and syntactic regularities of each language respectively.
Natural-language programming (NLP) is an ontology-assisted way of programming in terms of natural-language sentences, e.g. English. [1] A structured document with Content, sections and subsections for explanations of sentences forms a NLP document, which is actually a computer program.
Computational Linguistics – Applications workshop; Free online introductory book on Computational Linguistics at the Wayback Machine (archived January 25, 2008) Language Technology World; Resources for Text, Speech and Language Processing; The Research Group in Computational Linguistics Archived 2013-08-01 at the Wayback Machine