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The Atlantic Wall (German: Atlantikwall) was an extensive system of coastal defences and fortifications built by Nazi Germany between 1942 and 1944 along the coast of continental Europe and Scandinavia as a defence against an anticipated Allied invasion of Nazi-occupied Europe from the United Kingdom, during World War II.
Hitler visited the Todt battery on 23 December 1940. [31] [32] In 1941, the battery was initially codenamed 18. When integrated into the Atlantic wall, the Todt Battery, its close-combat defensive positions and its anti-aircraft guns formed the strongpoint Stützpunkt (StP) 213 Saitenspiel in 1943, renamed StP 166 Saitenspiel in 1944. [22]
The following is a list of the Führer directives and Führer Orders issued by Adolf Hitler over the ... Coasts Atlantic Wall; [9 ... Order for the West Wall to be on ...
In the course of 1942, one twelfth of the resources funnelled into the whole Atlantic Wall was dedicated to the fortification of the Channel Islands. [48] Hitler had decreed that 10% of the steel and concrete used in the Atlantic Wall go to the Channel Islands.
There were as many as 400,000 German troops in Norway during the occupation, a large proportion of whom were dedicated to the defense of this northern flank of the Atlantic Wall. The scope of Festung Norwegen originally included the entire coastal perimeter of Norway, from the Oslofjord around the southern coast to the border with the Soviet Union.
On 19 January 1944 Adolf Hitler declared eleven places along the Atlantic Wall to be fortresses , to be held until the last man or the last round, calling them Atlantikfestungen (lit. "Atlantic strongholds"). [1]
The War Aims and Strategies of Adolf Hitler. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-2054-5. Raeder, Erich (2001) Erich Rader, Grand Admiral: The Personal Memoir of the Commander in Chief of the German Navy From 1935 Until His Final Break With Hitler in 1943. New York: Da Capo Press. United States Naval Institute. ISBN 0-306-80962-1. Schenk, Peter (1990).
Rundstedt called it "one of the great turning points of the war", [60] and Manstein described it as "one of Hitler's most critical mistakes". [61] B. H. Liddell Hart interviewed many of the generals after the war and put together a picture of Hitler's strategic thinking on the matter. Hitler believed that once Britain's troops left continental ...