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Bidirectional script support is the capability of a computer system to correctly display bidirectional text. The term is often shortened to "BiDi" or "bidi".Early computer installations were designed only to support a single writing system, typically for left-to-right scripts based on the Latin alphabet only.
Bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) is a language model introduced in October 2018 by researchers at Google. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It learns to represent text as a sequence of vectors using self-supervised learning .
The implicit directional marks are non-printing characters used in the computerized typesetting of bi-directional text containing mixed left-to-right scripts (such as Latin and Cyrillic) and right-to-left scripts (such as Persian, Arabic, Syriac and Hebrew).
In the second line, bidirectional display has been applied, and in the third the glyph-shaping mechanism has rendered the letters according to context. Complex text layout (CTL) or complex text rendering is the typesetting of writing systems in which the shape or positioning of a grapheme depends on its relation
Bidirectional, a roadway that carries traffic moving in opposite directions; Bi-directional vehicle, a tram or train or any other vehicle that can be controlled from either end and can move forward or backward with equal ease without any need to be turned around; Bidirectional text, text containing text in both text directionalities
However, directionality may not be detected correctly if left-to-right text is quoted at the beginning of a right-to-left paragraph (or vice versa), [2] and the support for bidirectional text becomes even more complicated when text flowing in opposite directions is embedded hierarchically, for example if an English text quotes an Arabic phrase ...
One of Unicode's major features is support of bi-directional (Bidi) text display right-to-left (R-to-L) and left-to-right (L-to-R). The Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm UAX9 [20] describes the process of presenting text with altering script directions. For example, it enables a Hebrew quote in an English text.
A woman writing in Persian in right-to-left direction, with a notebook computer displaying right-to-left text. Right-to-left, top-to-bottom text is supported in common computer software. [1] Often, this support must be explicitly enabled. Right-to-left text can be mixed with left-to-right text in bi-directional text.