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Osteopenia, known as "low bone mass" or "low bone density", is a condition in which bone mineral density is low. [1] Because their bones are weaker, people with osteopenia may have a higher risk of fractures, and some people may go on to develop osteoporosis. [2] In 2010, 43 million older adults in the US had osteopenia. [3]
A scanner used to measure bone density using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone density, or bone mineral density, is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue.The concept is of mass of mineral per volume of bone (relating to density in the physics sense), although clinically it is measured by proxy according to optical density per square centimetre of bone surface upon imaging. [1]
Stress shielding is the reduction in bone density as a result of removal of typical stress from the bone by an implant (for instance, the femoral component of a hip prosthesis). [1]
Senile osteoporosis has been recently recognized as a geriatric syndrome with a particular pathophysiology. There are different classification of osteoporosis: primary, in which bone loss is a result of aging and secondary, in which bone loss occurs from various clinical and lifestyle factors. [1]
A normal T score is -1.0 and above, low bone density is between -1.0 and -2.5, and osteoporosis is -2.5 and lower. A Z score is just a comparison of what a patient's bone mineral density is in comparison to the average bone mineral density of a male or female of their age and weight.
-consider adding a primary preventions section; how to avoid osteopenia itself-clean up overlap in this section between osteoporosis vs osteopenia (ie. separate 1, 2 from 3,4)-make sure this section is up to date with latest recommendations Entymology-consider changing this title to "history" to make it more accessible
Bone erosion is the loss of bone in a certain area, rather than a change in bone density, which is found in osteoporosis. Surprisingly, bone erosion is not common in osteoarthritis , although there is a subtype of osteoarthritis (erosive osteoarthritis) that may result in bone erosion.
As the disease often affects people differently, treatments of Paget's disease can vary. Although there is no cure for Paget's disease, medications (bisphosphonates and calcitonin) can help control the disorder and lessen pain and other symptoms. Medications are often successful in controlling the disorder, especially when started before ...