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Amphibolite from Cape Cod, Massachusetts Garnet bearing amphibolite from Val di Fleres, Italy. Amphibolite (/ æ m ˈ f ɪ b ə l aɪ t /) is a metamorphic rock that contains amphibole, especially hornblende and actinolite, as well as plagioclase feldspar, but with little or no quartz.
The amphibolite facies is a facies of medium pressure and average to high temperature. It is named after amphiboles that form under such circumstances. It has the following mineral assemblages: In metabasites: hornblende + plagioclase ± epidote, garnet, cummingtonite, diopside, biotite; In metapelites:
Gore Mountain Garnet, found in the Adirondack Mountains in New York, contains the world's largest garnets. [1] [2] The rock that holds these garnets, garnet amphibolite, is sometimes referred to as 'black ore' or 'dark ore.' [1] [3] This rock formation formed during metamorphism during the Ottawan phase of the Grenvillian orogeny, and extremely high temperatures combined with introduction of ...
Metamorphic rock formed in these settings tends to shown well-developed foliation. [33] Foliation develops when a rock is being shortened along one axis during metamorphism. This causes crystals of platy minerals, such as mica and chlorite, to become rotated such that their short axes are parallel to the direction of shortening. This results in ...
They can also form from tectonic processes such as continental collisions, which cause horizontal pressure, friction, and distortion. Metamorphic rock can be formed locally when rock is heated by the intrusion of hot molten rock called magma from the Earth's interior. The study of metamorphic rocks (now exposed at the Earth's surface following ...
[4] [5] [6] A semipelite is defined in part as having similar chemical composition but being of a crystalloblastic nature. [7] Pettijohn (1975) [8] gives the following descriptive terms based on grain size, avoiding the use of terms such as clay or argillaceous which carry an implication of chemical composition. The Ancient Greek terms are more ...
Blastomylonites are coarse grained, often sugary in appearance without distinct tectonic banding.; Ultramylonites usually have undergone extreme grainsize reduction. In structural geology, ultramylonite is a kind of mylonite defined by modal percentage of matrix grains [clarify] more than 90%. [4]
Banded iron formations, sedimentary rock that formed in sea water; Garnet in "faux-amphibolite", Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt. The cummingtonite amphibolite that dominates the belt is unusual that sections of the rock have a grayish-beige color, compared to the dark green of common amphibolites, giving it the nickname "faux-amphibolite".