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A chart of accounts (COA) is a list of financial accounts and reference numbers, grouped into categories, such as assets, liabilities, equity, revenue and expenses, and used for recording transactions in the organization's general ledger.
Prior to 1929 no group – public or private – was issuing or responsible for any accounting [4] standards. After the 1929 stock market crash, a call to regain the public's confidence and investor's trust was demanded and the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 was passed resulting in public companies being supervised by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
MCA has to spell out the accounting standards applicable [1] for companies in India. As on date MCA has notified 40 Ind AS (Ind AS 11 is omitted by companies). This shall be applied to the companies of financial year 2015-16 voluntarily and from 2016 to 2017 on a mandatory basis
Under Rule 203-1 – Departures from Established Accounting Principles, the departures are rare, and usually take place when there is new legislation, the evolution of new forms of business transactions, an unusual degree of materiality, or the existence of conflicting industry practices. [6]
Management accounting is an applied discipline used in various industries. The specific functions and principles followed can vary based on the industry. Management accounting principles in banking are specialized but do have some common fundamental concepts used whether the industry is manufacturing-based or service-oriented.
Compliance with accounting standards issued by ICAI has become a statutory requirement with the notification of Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 by the Government of India. [53] Before the constitution of the National Advisory Committee on Accounting Standards ( NACAS ), the institute was the sole accounting standard setter in India.
National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA) is the auditing and accounting supervision authority of India. The authority oversees the auditing profession and the Indian Accounting Standards under the Companies Act 2013. [1] It was formed in October 2018. The chairperson since March 2022 is Ajay Bhushan Pandey. [2]
The Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council then voiced its concerns due to the increase of financial reporting guidance from the old U.S. GAAP standards, and the FASB responded by launching a new project to codify the standards. The project was approved in September 2004 by the Trustees of the Financial Accounting Foundation. [2]