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  2. Ocean temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_temperature

    The increase of both ocean surface temperature and deeper ocean temperature is an important effect of climate change on oceans. [11] Deep ocean water is the name for cold, salty water found deep below the surface of Earth's oceans. Deep ocean water makes up about 90% of the volume of the oceans. Deep ocean water has a very uniform temperature ...

  3. Thermocline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermocline

    A thermocline (also known as the thermal layer or the metalimnion in lakes) is a distinct layer based on temperature within a large body of fluid (e.g. water, as in an ocean or lake; or air, e.g. an atmosphere) with a high gradient of distinct temperature differences associated with depth.

  4. Sea surface temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_surface_temperature

    A wet-bulb temperature at 500 hPa in a tropical atmosphere of −13.2 °C (8.2 °F) is required to initiate convection if the water temperature is 26.5 °C (79.7 °F), and this temperature requirement increases or decreases proportionally by 1 °C in the sea surface temperature for each 1 °C change at 500 hpa.

  5. Pacific Ocean - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Ocean

    The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. ... Surface water temperatures in the Pacific can vary from −1.4 °C ...

  6. Gulf of California - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_California

    The temperature of the water in the gulf generally experiences lows of 16 °C (61 °F) in winter and highs of 24 °C (75 °F) in summer. But temperatures can vary greatly in the gulf, and the water is almost always warmer by the coast than the open ocean.

  7. General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Bathymetric_Chart...

    GEBCO is the only intergovernmental body with a mandate to map the whole ocean floor. At the beginning of the project, only 6 per cent of the world's ocean bottom had been surveyed to today's standards; as of June 2022, the project had recorded 23.4 per cent mapped. About 14,500,000 square kilometres (5,600,000 sq mi) of new bathymetric data ...

  8. Oceanic climate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanic_climate

    Regions where oceanic or subtropical highland climates (Cfb, Cfc, Cwb, Cwc) are found. An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate or maritime climate, is the temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification represented as Cfb, typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool to warm summers and cool to mild winters (for their latitude), with ...

  9. Temperature–salinity diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature–salinity_diagram

    T-S diagram of a station in the North Pacific. In oceanography, temperature-salinity diagrams, sometimes called T-S diagrams, are used to identify water masses.In a T-S diagram, rather than plotting each water property as a separate "profile," with pressure or depth as the vertical coordinate, potential temperature (on the vertical axis) is plotted versus salinity (on the horizontal axis).