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Muenke syndrome: coronal craniosynostosis (plagiocephaly and brachycephaly), short feet and palms, hearing impairment, hypertelorism, and proptosis. [ 25 ] Pfeiffer syndrome : abnormalities of the skull, hands, and feet; wide-set, bulging eyes, an underdeveloped upper jaw, beaked nose.
Plagiocephaly, also known as flat head syndrome, [1] [2] is a condition characterized by an asymmetrical distortion (flattening of one side) of the skull.A mild and widespread form is characterized by a flat spot on the back or one side of the head caused by remaining in a supine position for prolonged periods.
Brachycephaly [51] Craniorhiny: Oxycephaly/turricephaly [52] Craniosynostosis, Boston type Coronal Brachycephaly, brachyturricephaly, trigonocephaly, turricephaly Usually considered nonsyndromic. [53] Craniosynostosis Susceptible cause; usually considered nonsyndromic. [54] Craniosynstosis Brachycephaly, plagiocephaly, turricephaly
Cranial sutures. A defining characteristic of Crouzon syndrome is craniosynostosis, which results in an abnormal head shape.This is present in combinations of: frontal bossing, trigonocephaly (fusion of the metopic suture), brachycephaly (fusion of the coronal suture), dolichocephaly (fusion of the sagittal suture), plagiocephaly (unilateral premature closure of lambdoid and coronal sutures ...
Craniofacial surgery is a surgical subspecialty that deals with congenital and acquired deformities of the head, skull, face, neck, jaws and associated structures. Although craniofacial treatment often involves manipulation of bone, craniofacial surgery is not tissue-specific; craniofacial surgeons deal with bone, skin, nerve, muscle, teeth, and other related anatomy.
Craniosynostosis occurs, in which the cranial sutures close too soon, though the child's brain is still growing and expanding. [8] Brachycephaly is the common pattern of growth, where the coronal sutures close prematurely, preventing the skull from expanding frontward or backward and causing the brain to expand the skull to the sides and ...
Antley–Bixler syndrome presents itself at birth or prenatally. [2] Features of the disorder include brachycephaly (flat forehead), craniosynostosis (complete skull-joint closure) of both coronal and lambdoid sutures, facial hypoplasia (underdevelopment); bowed ulna (forearm bone) and femur (thigh bone), synostosis of the radius (forearm bone), humerus (upper arm bone) and trapezoid (hand ...
The head is unable to grow normally, which leads to a high, prominent forehead (turri brachycephaly) and eyes that appear to bulge and are set wide (hypertelorism). In addition, there is an underdeveloped upper jaw (maxillary hypoplasia). More than half of children with Pfeiffer syndrome have hearing loss; dental problems are common. [4]