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Staphylococcus epidermidis is a Gram-positive bacterium, and one of over 40 species belonging to the genus Staphylococcus. [1] It is part of the normal human microbiota , typically the skin microbiota , and less commonly the mucosal microbiota and also found in marine sponges.
Staphylococcus is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria in the family Staphylococcaceae from the order Bacillales. Under the microscope, they appear spherical , and form in grape-like clusters. Staphylococcus species are facultative anaerobic organisms (capable of growth both aerobically and anaerobically).
S. epidermidis, a coagulase-negative staphylococcus species, is a commensal of the skin, but can cause severe infections in immune-suppressed patients and those with central venous catheters. S. saprophyticus , another coagulase -negative species that is part of the normal vaginal flora , is predominantly implicated in uncomplicated lower ...
Staphylococcus aureus: Skin Staphylococcus epidermidis: Skin Sometimes, mostly not Staphylococcus haemolyticus: Skin Streptococcus viridans: Skin Trichophyton spp Skin Staphylococcus aureus: Hair follicles Corynebacterium spp: External ear Staphylococcus aureus: External ear Staphylococcus epidermidis: External ear Chlamydia trachomatis: Mucous ...
Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were thought from cultural based research to be dominant. However 16S ribosomal RNA research finds that while common, these species make up only 5% of skin bacteria. However, skin variety provides a rich and diverse habitat for bacteria.
It is active against Staphylococcus epidermidis and may be used to differentiate it from the other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus saprophyticus, which is resistant to novobiocin, in culture. [citation needed] Novobiocin was licensed for clinical use under the tradename Albamycin in the 1960s.
Staphylococcus haemolyticus is a member of the coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). [2] It is part of the skin flora of humans, [ 3 ] and its largest populations are usually found at the axillae , perineum , and inguinal areas. [ 4 ]
SSSS is a clinical diagnosis. This is sometimes confirmed by isolation of S. aureus from blood, mucous membranes, or skin biopsy; however, these are often negative. Skin biopsy may show separation of the superficial layer of the epidermis (intraepidermal separation), differentiating SSSS from TEN, wherein the separation occurs at the dermo-epidermal junction (subepidermal separation).