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An early example of tampering was in the early 1860s, when a photo was altered using the body from a portrait of John C. Calhoun and the head of Lincoln from a famous seated portrait by Mathew Brady – the same portrait which was the basis for the original Lincoln five-dollar bill.
An illustrative example of this theory in action is when an organization provides a conducive work environment (hygiene factor) along with regular employee recognition programs (motivator). This combination can significantly contribute to a motivated workforce, more inclined towards engaging in OCB.
Examples of this citizenship responsibility dimension include attending non-required meetings, sharing opinions and new ideas with others in the organization, and a willingness to deliver bad news or support and unpopular view to combat groupthink (Graham, 1991). This citizenship responsibility dimension closely resembles the civic virtue ...
Narcotizing dysfunction is a theory that as mass media inundates people on a particular issue, they become apathetic to it, substituting knowledge for action. [1] It is suggested that the vast supply of communication Americans receive may elicit only a superficial concern with the problems of society.
In political science, political apathy is a lack of interest or apathy towards politics. [1] This includes voter apathy, information apathy [2] and lack of interest in elections, political events, public meetings, and voting. [3] Voter apathy is a lack of interest among voters in the elections of representative democracies.
Putnam used bowling as an example to illustrate this; although the number of people who bowled had increased in the last 20 years, the number of people who bowled in leagues had decreased. If people bowled alone, they did not participate in the social interaction and civic discussions that might occur in a league environment. [1]
The response rate has been extremely low, especially when using blind carbon copy (bcc) to reach multiple recipients simultaneously. Another example of diffusion of responsibility revolves around whistleblowing in the work place. Many people employed by companies that regularly committed accounting fraud do not blow the whistle.
While psychopaths typically represent a very small percentage of workplace staff, the presence of psychopathy in the workplace, especially within senior management, can do enormous damage. [1] Indeed, psychopaths are usually most present at higher levels of corporate structure, and their actions often cause a ripple effect throughout an ...