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DSM-IV's gender identity disorder is similar to, but not the same as, gender dysphoria in DSM-5. Separate criteria for children, adolescents and adults that are appropriate for varying developmental states are added. Subtypes of gender identity disorder based on sexual orientation were deleted. [11]
Sleep Behavior Disorder: To diagnose a sleep disorder, the child should be showing a sleep disturbance and not be demonstrating sensory reactive or processing difficulties. This diagnosis should not be used when sleep problems are related to issues of anxiety or traumatic events.
The DSM-5 criteria for insomnia include the following: [101] "Predominant complaint of dissatisfaction with sleep quantity or quality, associated with one (or more) of the following symptoms: Difficulty initiating sleep. (In children, this may manifest as difficulty initiating sleep without caregiver intervention.)
The Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory (CASI) is a behavioral rating checklist created by Kenneth Gadow and Joyce Sprafkin that evaluates a range of behaviors related to common emotional and behavioral disorders identified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder ...
Sleep apnea is the second most frequent cause of secondary hypersomnia, affecting up to 4% of middle-aged adults, mostly men. Upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) is a clinical variant of sleep apnea that can also cause hypersomnia. [8] Just as other sleep disorders (like narcolepsy) can coexist with sleep apnea, the same is true for UARS.
The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), the DSM-5, was approved by the Board of Trustees of the APA on December 1, 2012. [81] Published on May 18, 2013, [82] the DSM-5 contains extensively revised diagnoses and, in some cases, broadens diagnostic definitions while narrowing definitions in other ...
Child psychopathology can cause separation anxiety from parents, [14] attention deficit disorders in children, [15] sleep disorders in children, [16] aggression with both peers and adults, [17] night terrors, [18] extreme anxiety, [19] anti social behavior, [20] depression symptoms, [21] aloof attitude, [22] sensitive emotions, [23] and ...
The child may hold the hands clasped behind the back or held at the sides, with random touching, grasping, and releasing. [5] The movements continue while the child is awake but disappear during sleep. [5] Breathing irregularities such as episodes of apnea and hyperventilation may occur, although breathing usually improves during sleep. [5]