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Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. [11] High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms itself. [ 1 ]
High blood pressure can be caused by a combination of lifestyle factors like: Having overweight or obesity. Eating unhealthy foods, especially salty foods. Not getting enough exercise.
Essential hypertension (also called primary hypertension, or idiopathic hypertension) is a form of hypertension without an identifiable physiologic cause. [1] [2] It is the most common type affecting 85% of those with high blood pressure. [3] [4] The remaining 15% is accounted for by various causes of secondary hypertension. [3]
For people with high blood pressure, higher heart rate variability (HRV) is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation. [ 51 ] Both high systolic pressure and high pulse pressure (the numerical difference between systolic and diastolic pressures) are risk factors. [ 49 ]
Hypertension is a very common condition, affecting about half of all adults in the U.S. But it doesn’t always have symptoms, so about one in three people don’t know they have it.
A diagram explaining factors affecting arterial pressure. Pathophysiology is a study which explains the function of the body as it relates to diseases and conditions. The pathophysiology of hypertension is an area which attempts to explain mechanistically the causes of hypertension, which is a chronic disease characterized by elevation of blood pressure.