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John Bull is a national personification of the United Kingdom, especially in political cartoons and similar graphic works. He is usually depicted as a stout, middle-aged, country-dwelling, jolly and matter-of-fact man. He originated in satirical works of the early 18th century and would come to stand for English liberty in opposition to ...
Higham, John (1990). "Indian Princess and Roman Goddess: The First Female Symbols of America", Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society. 100: 50–51, JSTOR or PDF; Le Corbeiller, Clare, "Miss America and Her Sisters: Personifications of the Four Parts of the World", The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, vol. 19, pp. 210–223, PDF
A national personification is an anthropomorphic personification of a state or the people(s) it inhabits. It may appear in political cartoons and propaganda . Some personifications in the Western world often took the Latin name of the ancient Roman province .
As a personification, she was sometimes imagined as a goddess and sometimes an abstract power with her name used both as a common and proper noun. [4] There is evidence that Peitho was referred to as a goddess before she was referred to as an abstract concept, which is rare for a personification. [ 5 ]
Dante has several personification characters, but prefers using real persons to represent most sins and virtues. [35] In Elizabethan literature many of the characters in Edmund Spenser's enormous epic The Faerie Queene, though given different names, are effectively personifications, especially of virtues. [36]
The personification of Columbia fell out of use and was largely replaced by the Statue of Liberty as a feminine symbol of the United States. [ 16 ] After Columbia Pictures adopted Columbia as its logo in 1924, she has since appeared as bearing a torch similar to that of the Statue of Liberty , unlike 19th-century depictions of Columbia.
The personification of a nation as a woman was widespread in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe. [1] The earliest image of Iceland personified as a woman seems to have appeared first in association with the poem Ofsjónir við jarðarför Lovísu drottningar 1752 ('Visions at the funeral of Queen Louise, 1752') by Eggert Ólafsson (1752), but this image does not survive.
The modern English, French, Breton and Gallo names for the area, all derive from a literal use of Britannia meaning "land of the Britons". The two "Britannias" gave rise to the term Grande Bretagne (Great Britain) to distinguish the island of Britain from the continental peninsula.