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John Dalton FRS (/ ˈ d ɔː l t ən /; 5 or 6 September 1766 – 27 July 1844) was an English chemist, physicist and meteorologist. [1] He introduced the atomic theory into chemistry. He also researched colour blindness ; as a result, the umbrella term for red-green congenital colour blindness disorders is Daltonism in several languages.
Ethical Pessimism: In relation to what he calls the "absolute unbecoming of existence," Dalton embraces "ethical pessimism," as an normative system. [9] In "ethical pessimism," Dalton argues, one can ground ethical action and political engagement so long as goodness is conceived of negatively (per his "ethics of resistance").
Ernst Mach and the logical positivists rejected John Dalton's atomic theory until the reality of atoms was more evident in Brownian motion, as shown by Albert Einstein. [57] In the same way, postulating the aether is more complex than transmission of light through a vacuum. At the time, however, all known waves propagated through a physical ...
Moral psychology is the study of human thought and behavior in ethical contexts. [1] Historically, the term "moral psychology" was used relatively narrowly to refer to the study of moral development .
Endowment is a concept in philosophy that refers to human capacities and abilities which can be naturally or socially acquired. [1] Natural endowment is biologically analysed. [1] It is examined through individual genes or inborn abilities. Social endowment is explored through the culture and ethics of human lives in their communities. [1]
Dalton's law, in chemistry and physics, states that the total pressure exerted by a gaseous mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual component in a gas mixture. Also called Dalton's law of partial pressure, and related to the ideal gas laws, this empirical law was observed by John Dalton in 1801.
John Dalton's alternative formulae for water and ammonia. And then he proceeded to give a list of relative weights in the compositions of several common compounds, summarizing: [73] 1st. That water is a binary compound of hydrogen and oxygen, and the relative weights of the two elementary atoms are as 1:7, nearly; 2nd.
Applied ethics – using philosophical methods, attempts to identify the morally correct course of action in various fields of human life.. Economics and business Business ethics – concerns questions such as the limits on managers in the pursuit of profit, or the duty of 'whistleblowers' to the general public as opposed to their employers.