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Validity [5] of an assessment is the degree to which it measures what it is supposed to measure. This is not the same as reliability, which is the extent to which a measurement gives results that are very consistent. Within validity, the measurement does not always have to be similar, as it does in reliability.
Test validity is the extent to which a test (such as a chemical, physical, or scholastic test) accurately measures what it is supposed to measure.In the fields of psychological testing and educational testing, "validity refers to the degree to which evidence and theory support the interpretations of test scores entailed by proposed uses of tests". [1]
(This is true of measures of all types—yardsticks might measure houses well yet have poor reliability when used to measure the lengths of insects.) Reliability may be improved by clarity of expression (for written assessments), lengthening the measure, [9] and other informal means. However, formal psychometric analysis, called item analysis ...
consequential validity; face validity; A good assessment has both validity and reliability, plus the other quality attributes noted above for a specific context and purpose. In practice, an assessment is rarely totally valid or totally reliable. A ruler which is marked wrongly will always give the same (wrong) measurements.
Correlations that fit the expected pattern contribute evidence of construct validity. Construct validity is a judgment based on the accumulation of correlations from numerous studies using the instrument being evaluated. [22] Most researchers attempt to test the construct validity before the main research. To do this pilot studies may be ...
[3] Criterion validity is typically assessed by comparison with a gold standard test. [ 4 ] An example of concurrent validity is a comparison of the scores of the CLEP College Algebra exam with course grades in college algebra to determine the degree to which scores on the CLEP are related to performance in a college algebra class. [ 5 ]
Recommended approaches to test for discriminant validity on the construct level are AVE-SE comparisons (Fornell & Larcker, 1981; note: hereby the measurement error-adjusted inter-construct correlations derived from the CFA model should be used rather than raw correlations derived from the data.) [2] and the assessment of the HTMT ratio ...
The 2014 edition is the 7th edition of The Standards, and it shares the exact same names as the 1985 and 1999 editions. [3] Technical recommendations for psychological tests and diagnostic techniques: A preliminary proposal (1952) and Technical recommendations for psychological tests and diagnostic techniques (1954) editions were quite brief.