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Large ceramic vessels are cleaned with a delicate vacuum cleaner with a soft, muslin-covered head. Picking and cutting is used when there is hardened dirt, encrustations, or old restoration materials closely adhering to the surface. Needles, sharp scalpels, other custom made tools, usually made from wood, and electric vibrotools are used.
Adhesive removers are intended to break down glue so that it can be removed from surfaces easily. [1] [2] [3] Formulations may be designed to remove a broad range of adhesives or to address a specific bond. [1] Many general purpose removers are intended to remove residue from adhesive tape. [1] [2] [3]
Crazing is a spider web pattern of cracks penetrating the glaze. It is caused by tensile stresses greater than the glaze is able to withstand. [1] [2] Common reasons for such stresses are: a mismatch between the thermal expansions of glaze and body; from moisture expansion of the body; and in the case of glazed tiles fixed to a wall, movement of the wall or of the bonding material used to fix ...
This phenomenon is commonly observed when two flat plates with a layer of liquid between them are forced apart or when adhesive tape is peeled off from a substrate. [30] The hypothesis concerning craze formation [25] states that a wedge-shaped zone of plastically deformed and strain-softened polymer forms ahead of the craze tip.
The following are risks of the common removal methods: Acetone The CDC reports that repeated and prolonged exposure of the eyes to acetone has the potential to cause permanent vision problems resulting from corneal clouding. [15] Ammonia Ammonia is also contained in many hair dyes. [16] Hair colors containing ammonia have been safely used for ...
The permanent swelling of a ceramic article during firing caused by the evolution of gases. Blunging The energetic mixing of ceramic raw materials, especially clays, with water to produce slip or slurry. Undertaken in large tanks called blungers. [2] Body The structural portion of a ceramic article, or the material or mixture from which it is made.
Nigel Reuben Rook Williams (15 July 1944 – 21 April 1992) was an English conservator and expert on the restoration of ceramics and glass. From 1961 until his death he worked at the British Museum, where he became the Chief Conservator of Ceramics and Glass in 1983.
Ceramic glaze, or simply glaze, is a glassy coating on ceramics. It is used for decoration, to ensure the item is impermeable to liquids and to minimize the adherence of pollutants. It is used for decoration, to ensure the item is impermeable to liquids and to minimize the adherence of pollutants.