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Acetylcysteine is extensively liver metabolized, CYP450 minimal, urine excretion is 22–30% with a half-life of 5.6 hours in adults and 11 hours in newborns. [medical citation needed] Acetylcysteine is the N-acetyl derivative of the amino acid L-cysteine, and is a precursor in the formation of the antioxidant glutathione in the body.
Thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteine (TGA) is a pharmaceutical drug that is a combination of thiamphenicol glycinate ester (TAFGE), which is a derivative of the antibiotic thiamphenicol, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which is a mucus-thinning drug. Upon contact with tissue esterases, TGA releases both TAFGE and NAC.
Research programme: oxytocin intranasal - Pastorus Pharma – neurotransmitter modulators/oxytocin receptor agonists [72] Research programme: therapeutic autoantibodies - Sengenics – undefined mechanism of action [73] RG-7713 (RG7713) – vasopressin V 1A receptor antagonist [74]
Antimalarial drugs can be classified into several classes based on different mechanisms of action and effects, including quinoline-type drugs, naphthoquinone, antifolates, guanidine derived drugs, sesquiterpene lactones, etc. In particular, quinoline-type drugs are known to be ototoxic.
N-Acetylcysteine amide (abbrev. NACA, AD4 and also known as acetylcysteinamide ) is an amide derivative of N -acetylcysteine that appears to have better blood–brain barrier permeability and bioavailability and a similar antioxidant capability.
Drug metabolism is the metabolic breakdown of drugs by living organisms, usually through specialized enzymatic systems. More generally, xenobiotic metabolism (from the Greek xenos "stranger" and biotic "related to living beings") is the set of metabolic pathways that modify the chemical structure of xenobiotics, which are compounds foreign to an organism's normal biochemistry, such as any drug ...
Paracetamol overdose results in more calls to poison control centers in the US than overdose of any other pharmacological substance, accounting for more than 100,000 calls, as well as 56,000 emergency room visits, 2,600 hospitalizations, and 458 deaths due to acute liver failure per year. [95]
In pharmacology, the area under the plot of plasma concentration of a drug versus time after dosage (called “area under the curve” or AUC) gives insight into the extent of exposure to a drug and its clearance rate from the body. [2]