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The Bible as used by Christianity consists of two parts: The Old Testament, largely the same as the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible. The New Testament. The four canonical Gospels. (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John) The Acts of the Apostles recounts the early history of the Christian movement. The Epistles are letters to the various early Christian communities.
It is common Jewish practice to restrict the use of the names of God to a liturgical context. In casual conversation some Jews, even when not speaking Hebrew, will call God HaShem (השם), which is Hebrew for 'the Name' (compare Leviticus 24:11 and Deuteronomy 28:58). When written, it is often abbreviated to ה׳.
Even medieval Jews understood very well that Christianity is avodah zarah of a special type. The tosafists assert that although a Christian pronouncing the name of Jesus in an oath would be taking the name of "another god," it is nonetheless the case that when Christians say the word "God," they have in mind the creator of heaven and earth.
The Tree of Life Version (abbreviated as "TLV"), first published in 2011, is a Messianic Jewish translation of the Hebrew Bible (or TA-NA-KH) and the New Testament (or New Covenant) sponsored by the Messianic Jewish Family Bible Society and The King's University.
The phrase "hallelujah" translates to "praise Jah/Yah", [2] [12] though it carries a deeper meaning as the word halel in Hebrew means a joyous praise in song, to boast in God. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] The second part, Yah , is a shortened form of YHWH , and is a shortened form of his name "God, Jah, or Jehovah". [ 3 ]
Thus, the differences in the Septuagint are no longer considered the result of a poor or tendentious attempt to translate the Hebrew into the Greek; rather they testify to a different pre-Christian form of the Hebrew text". [15] On the other hand, some of the fragments conforming most accurately to the Masoretic Text were found in Cave 4. [16]
Most English translations represent this name by the phrase "the Lord"; ArtScroll uses the Hebrew word "Ha-Shem" instead. Ha-Shem, literally "the Name", is an expression often used by Orthodox Jews to refer to God. [8] The ArtScroll series has become very popular in the Orthodox Jewish community and is in use among non-Orthodox Jews as well. [8]
Jews point to the 2,000 year history of antisemetism committed by Christians, and anti-Judaism inherent in Christian theological dogma. For instance, statements in the New Testament , such as John 8:43–47 , in which Jesus speaks divisive words to some particular Jews of his day: