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Mining in Australia has long been a significant primary sector industry and contributor to the Australian economy by providing export income, royalty payments and employment. Historically, mining booms have also encouraged population growth via immigration to Australia , particularly the gold rushes of the 1850s.
At the height of the mining boom in 2009–10, the total value-added of the mining industry was 8.4% of GDP. [37] Despite the recent decline in the mining sector, the Australian economy has remained resilient and stable [38] [39] and did not experience a recession from 1991 until 2020.
Mining in Western Australia, together with the petroleum industry in the state, accounted for 94% of the State's and 46% of Australia's income from total merchandise exports in 2019–20. The state of Western Australia hosted 123 predominantly higher-value and export-oriented mining projects and hundreds of smaller quarries and mines.
The Mining and Energy Union (MEU) is Australia's main trade union in the coal industry, which includes mines, power stations and ports.It also covers workers in the metalliferous mining and exploration industries, as well as specific classes of workers working in the oil, gas, nuclear, chemical production and power generation industries. [1]
Gold mining in Western Australia is the third largest commodity sector in Western Australia (WA), behind iron ore and LNG, with a value of A$17 billion in 2021–22.The 6.9 million troy ounces (214 tonnes) sold during this time period was the highest amount in 20 years and accounted for almost 70 percent of all gold sold in Australia.
The first Australian mining laws were enacted in 1851. [1] Before that, ownership of minerals and petroleum passed to those who were granted title to land by the colonial governors according to common law concepts, except the right to "Royal Mines" (the precious metals of gold and silver) which remained vested in the Crown by virtue of Royal prerogative.
Operational Status of Australian Mines and Mineral Deposits Status Count Comments Mineral Deposit: 2068: Under Development: 38: A mineral deposit that is currently under development Care And Maintenance: 95: Historic Mine: 1234: Operating Mine: 379: A mine that is currently operating and/or production Feasibility: 29
Iron ore mining in Western Australia, in the 2018–19 financial year, accounted for 54 percent of the total value of the state's resource production, with a value of A$78.2 billion. The overall value of the minerals and petroleum industry in Western Australia was A$145 billion in 2018–19, a 26 percent increase on the previous financial year.