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Domain names are organized in subordinate levels of the DNS root domain, which is nameless. The first-level set of domain names are the top-level domains (TLDs), including the generic top-level domains (gTLDs), such as the prominent domains com, info, net, edu, and org, and the country code top-level domains (ccTLDs). Below these top-level ...
Dot-separated fully qualified domain names are the primarily used form for human-readable representations of a domain name. Dot-separated domain names are not used in the internal representation of labels in a DNS message [7] but are used to reference domains in some TXT records and can appear in resolver configurations, system hosts files, and URLs.
A reverse DNS lookup is a query of the DNS for domain names when the IP address is known. Multiple domain names may be associated with an IP address. The DNS stores IP addresses in the form of domain names as specially formatted names in pointer (PTR) records within the infrastructure top-level domain arpa. For IPv4, the domain is in-addr.arpa.
The RFC standardized the naming system for computers on the internet, creating domain names. [3] It specifies that "associated with each domain there is a single person (or office) called the registrar." [4] The earliest domain names were names of organizations, such as .arpa for the Advanced Research Projects Agency.
In 1993 the U.S. Department of Commerce, in conjunction with several public and private entities, created InterNIC to maintain a central database that contains all the registered domain names and the associated IP addresses in the U.S. (other countries maintain their own NICs (Network Information Centers) -- there is a link below that discusses Canada's system, for example).
The domain names of the devices are saturn.PC and jupiter.PC, respectively. If PC is registered as a second-level domain name in the Internet, e.g., as PC.net, the hosts may be addressed by the fully qualified domain names saturn.PC.net and jupiter.PC.net.
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