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  2. Shaw v. Reno - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaw_v._Reno

    Shaw v. Reno, 509 U.S. 630 (1993), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in the area of redistricting and racial gerrymandering. [1] After the 1990 census, North Carolina qualified to have a 12th district and drew it in a distinct snake-like manner to create a "majority-minority" Black district.

  3. List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Rehnquist ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States...

    Shaw v. Reno: 506 U.S. 630 (1993) appropriateness of considering race in redistricting Reno v. Flores: 507 U.S. 292 (1993) procedures for detaining juvenile aliens awaiting deportation Saudi Arabia v. Nelson: 507 U.S. 349 (1993) jurisdiction in an action based upon a "commercial activity" under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act: Cincinnati v.

  4. Redistricting in North Carolina - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redistricting_in_North...

    Shaw v. Reno was a United States Supreme Court case involving a claim that North Carolina's 12th congressional district (pictured) was affirmatively racially gerrymandered. The U.S. Supreme Court had ruled in Davis v. Bandemer (1986) that partisan gerrymandering violates the Equal Protection Clause and is a justiciable matter. However, the ...

  5. Shaw v. Hunt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaw_v._Hunt

    In Shaw v. Reno, the Supreme Court found that the complaint challenging a redistricting plan creating two unusually looking majority-minority congressional districts stated a claim for relief under the Equal Protection Clause, and thus remanded the case. The district court then held that the plan survived strict scrutiny and was constitutional.

  6. Miller v. Johnson - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller_v._Johnson

    Citing Shaw v. Reno , the majority concluded that strict scrutiny is required whenever race is the "overriding, predominant force" in the redistricting process. Justice Sandra Day O'Connor wrote a concurrence, while Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg wrote a dissent joined by Justices John Paul Stevens , Stephen G. Breyer , and David H. Souter .

  7. Voting Rights Act of 1965 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965

    The court first recognized the justiciability of affirmative "racial gerrymandering" claims in Shaw v. Reno (1993). [181] In Miller v. Johnson (1995), [182] the court explained that a redistricting plan is constitutionally suspect if the jurisdiction used race as the "predominant factor" in determining how to draw district lines. For race to ...

  8. Hunt v. Cromartie - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunt_v._Cromartie

    Hunt v. Cromartie, 526 U.S. 541 (1999), was a United States Supreme Court case regarding North Carolina's 12th congressional district. [1] In an earlier case, Shaw v.Reno, 509 U.S. 630 (1993), the Supreme Court ruled that the 12th district of North Carolina as drawn was unconstitutional because it was created for the purpose of placing African Americans in one district, thereby constituting ...

  9. North Carolina's congressional districts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina's...

    North Carolina drew a new map following Shaw v. Hunt, and the new maps were challenged in turn. A three-judge panel of the Eastern District of North Carolina granted summary judgment that the new boundaries were an illegal racial gerrymander. [7] This was appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which in Hunt v.