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Baclofen, sold under the brand name Lioresal among others, is a medication used to treat muscle spasticity, such as from a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. [8] [9] It may also be used for hiccups and muscle spasms near the end of life, [9] and off-label to treat alcohol use disorder [10] [11] or opioid withdrawal symptoms. [12]
A baclofen pump has been used to treat patients of all ages exhibiting muscle spasticity along with dystonia. The pump delivers baclofen via a catheter to the thecal space surrounding the spinal cord. The pump itself is placed in the abdomen. It can be refilled periodically by access through the skin. Baclofen can also be taken in tablet form [40]
It is a popular club drug in some parts of the world due to its powerful aphrodisiac and euphoric effects. Similarly to phenibut and baclofen, it is used by bodybuilders to increase the human growth hormone due to GABA B activation. [114] [115] It has also been reportedly used as a date-rape drug.
Lesogaberan (AZD-3355) was [1] an experimental drug candidate developed by AstraZeneca for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). [2] As a GABA B receptor agonist, [3] it has the same mechanism of action as baclofen, but is anticipated to have fewer of the central nervous system side effects that limit the clinical use of baclofen for the treatment of GERD.
Ketamine is a drug used for anesthesia, and is also used as a recreational drug, both in powder and liquid form, for its hallucinogenic and dissociative effects. [38] Some national laws prohibit the use of different recreational drugs; medicinal drugs that have the potential for recreational use are often heavily regulated.
Alcoholism can have adverse effects on mental health, contributing to psychiatric disorders and increasing the risk of suicide. A depressed mood is a common symptom of heavy alcohol drinkers. [ 38 ] [ 39 ]
GLP-1 drugs used for weight loss involve all kinds of side effects—good and not-so-good—that may or may not strike the average user. (Reminder that there are many of these meds now. GLP-1s ...
It has anxiolytic effects in animal studies, [6] [7] and has a synergistic effect with GABA B agonists such as baclofen and GHB, [8] [9] as well as reducing self-administration of alcoholic drinks and cocaine. [10] [11]