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Functional equation – equation in which the unknowns are functions rather than simple quantities. Differential equation – equation involving derivatives. Integral equation – equation involving integrals. Diophantine equation – equation where the only solutions of interest of the unknowns are the integer ones.
with unknowns x, y and z, can be put in the above form by subtracting 21z from both sides of the equation, to obtain 3 x + 2 y − 21 z = 0 {\displaystyle 3x+2y-21z=0} In this particular case there is not just one solution, but an infinite set of solutions, which can be written using set builder notation as
The system + =, + = has exactly one solution: x = 1, y = 2 The nonlinear system + =, + = has the two solutions (x, y) = (1, 0) and (x, y) = (0, 1), while + + =, + + =, + + = has an infinite number of solutions because the third equation is the first equation plus twice the second one and hence contains no independent information; thus any value of z can be chosen and values of x and y can be ...
In linear algebra, Cramer's rule is an explicit formula for the solution of a system of linear equations with as many equations as unknowns, valid whenever the system has a unique solution. It expresses the solution in terms of the determinants of the (square) coefficient matrix and of matrices obtained from it by replacing one column by the ...
This counterintuitive result occurs because in the case where =, multiplying both sides by multiplies both sides by zero, and so necessarily produces a true equation just as in the first example. In general, whenever we multiply both sides of an equation by an expression involving variables, we introduce extraneous solutions wherever that ...
The overdetermined case occurs when the system has been overconstrained — that is, when the equations outnumber the unknowns. In contrast, the underdetermined case occurs when the system has been underconstrained — that is, when the number of equations is fewer than the number of unknowns. Such systems usually have an infinite number of ...
To complete the square, form a squared binomial on the left-hand side of a quadratic equation, from which the solution can be found by taking the square root of both sides. The standard way to derive the quadratic formula is to apply the method of completing the square to the generic quadratic equation a x 2 + b x + c = 0 {\displaystyle ...
In this case, the unique solution is described by a sequence of equations whose left-hand sides are the names of the unknowns and right-hand sides are the corresponding values, for example (=, =, =). When an order on the unknowns has been fixed, for example the alphabetical order the solution may be described as a vector of values, like ( 3 ...