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The Black Hills, the United States' oldest mountain range, [11] is 125 miles (201 km) long and 65 miles (105 km) wide stretching across South Dakota and Wyoming. [12] The Black Hills derived its name from the black image that is produced by the "thick forest of pine and spruce trees" that covers the hills and was given the name by the Native Americans belonging to the Lakota (Sioux). [13]
"The Report of Captain John Mix of a Scout to the Black Hills, March-April 1875" (PDF). South Dakota History. 7 (4). South Dakota State Historical Society: 385– 401 "Gordon Stockade". The Wi-Iyohi. 15 (11). South Dakota State Historical Society: 1– 8. February 1, 1962 – via South Dakota Digital Archives.
The Black Hills Expedition was a United States Army expedition in 1874 led by Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer that set out on July 2, 1874, from Fort Abraham Lincoln, Dakota Territory, which is south of modern day Mandan, North Dakota, with orders to travel to the previously uncharted Black Hills of South Dakota.
Parker was born in 1924. [4] He was raised on his family's dude ranch and resort, the Palmer Gulch Lodge, at the base of Black Elk Peak near Hill City, South Dakota. [1] [2] [3] Hill City is called the "Heart of the Hills" because of its location near the center of the Black Hills.
The Black Hills, located in present-day western South Dakota, became an important source to the Lakota for lodge poles, plant resources and small game. A map of the Great Sioux Reservation as established in 1868. "Unceded lands" for Cheyenne and Sioux use were west of the reservation in Montana and Wyoming.
The fire started on July 10, 1939, [4] about 7 miles (11 km) northwest of Hill City, South Dakota. [2] The cause was later determined to have been a lightning strike. Two post cutters working nearby noticed the fire and attempted to put it out but failed and fled to avoid the growing fire; they were initially suspected of arson but were later cleared.
Jonah LeRoy "Doane" Robinson (October 19, 1856 – November 27, 1946 [1]) was an American historian who was the state historian of South Dakota.He is known for conceiving of the idea for the Mount Rushmore National Memorial in the Black Hills, which he believed would stimulate tourism to the area.
Ericksen, Neil J. “A Tale of Two Cities: Flood History and the Prophetic Past of Rapid City, South Dakota.” Economic Geography 51#4 (1975), pp. 305–20. online; Federal Writers' Project, A South Dakota Guide (1938, 1993 reprint) Fite, Gilbert C. "South Dakota's Rural Credit System: A Venture in State Socialism, 1917–1946."