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Structured text, abbreviated as ST or STX, is one of the five languages supported by the IEC 61131-3 standard, designed for programmable logic controllers (PLCs). [1] [2] It is a high level language that is block structured and syntactically resembles Pascal, on which it is based. [3] All of the languages share IEC61131 Common Elements. The ...
Part 3 of IEC 61131 deals with basic software architecture and programming languages of the control program within PLC. It defines three graphical and two textual programming language standards: Ladder diagram (LD), graphical; Function block diagram (FBD), graphical; Structured text (ST), textual
ST (structured text) is similar to programming in Pascal or C; LD (ladder diagram) enables programmers to virtually combine relay contacts and coils; FBD (function block diagram) enables users to rapidly program both Boolean and analog expressions; SFC (sequential function chart) is convenient for programming sequential processes and flows
As programming terminals evolved, because ladder logic was a familiar format used for electro-mechanical control panels, it became more commonly used. Newer formats, such as state logic, [18] function block diagrams, and structured text exist. Ladder logic remains popular because PLCs solve the logic in a predictable and repeating sequence, and ...
Many vendors whilst incorporating the full IEC 61131-3 requirements have additional vendor specific calls/function blocks to suit their hardware such as reading or writing to I/O. Siemens PLC instruction list language is known as "Statement List" or "STL" in English, and "Anweisungs-Liste" or "AWL" in German, Italian and Spanish.
Standard IEC 61131 is divided into several parts: [3]. Part 1: General information. It is the introductory chapter; it contains definitions of terms that are used in the subsequent parts of the standard and outlines the main functional properties and characteristics of PLCs.
Unlike for microprocessors, programming a PLD changes the connections made between the gates in the device. PLDs can broadly be categorised into, in increasing order of complexity, simple programmable logic devices (SPLDs) , comprising programmable array logic , programmable logic array and generic array logic ; complex programmable logic ...
Note: In this example, "Run" represents the status of a bit in the PLC, while "Motor" represents the actual output to the real-world relay that closes the motor's real-world circuit. For safety reasons, an emergency stop ("ES") may be hardwired in series with the "Start" switch, and the relay logic should reflect this.