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Gerard Kitchen O'Neill (February 6, 1927 – April 27, 1992) was an American physicist and space activist. As a faculty member of Princeton University , he invented a device called the particle storage ring for high-energy physics experiments. [ 1 ]
An O'Neill cylinder (also called an O'Neill colony, or Island Three) is a space settlement concept proposed by American physicist Gerard K. O'Neill in his 1976 book The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space. [1] O'Neill proposed the colonization of space for the 21st century, using materials extracted from the Moon and later from asteroids. [2]
The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space is a 1976 book by Gerard K. O'Neill, a road map for what the United States might do in outer space after the Apollo program, the drive to place a human on the Moon and beyond.
The L5 Society was founded in 1975 by Carolyn Meinel and Keith Henson to promote the space colony ideas of Gerard K. O'Neill. [ 1 ] In 1987, the L5 Society merged with the National Space Institute to form the National Space Society .
Ultimately O'Neill and Kolm hoped to launch payloads to escape velocity from Earth, thus reducing the cost of space launch to only about ten dollars a pound, the cost of electric energy, by eliminating the need to launch rocket fuel. Further development awaits the day when the space launch market off-Earth is large enough to justify the cost.
Example layout for an Island One-type Bernal sphere. In a series of studies held at Stanford University in 1975 and 1976 with the purpose of speculating on designs for future space colonies, Dr. Gerard K. O'Neill proposed Island One, a modified Bernal sphere with a diameter of only 500 m (1,600 ft) rotating at 1.9 RPM to produce a full Earth artificial gravity at the sphere's equator.
JUPITER — Kellie Gerardi is preparing to launch into space in 2026, and it won’t be the first time the 35-year-old bioastronautics researcher, Jupiter native and mom takes the trek.
The L5 Society was founded to promote settlement by building space stations at these points. Gerard K. O'Neill suggested in 1974 that the L 5 point, in particular, could fit several thousand floating colonies, and would allow easy travel to and from the colonies due to the shallow effective potential at this point. [144]