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Glucose transporters are a wide group of membrane proteins that facilitate the transport of glucose across the plasma membrane, a process known as facilitated diffusion. Because glucose is a vital source of energy for all life, these transporters are present in all phyla .
Glucose transporter 1 (or GLUT1), also known as solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1 (SLC2A1), is a uniporter protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC2A1 gene. [1] GLUT1 facilitates the transport of glucose across the plasma membranes of mammalian cells. [ 2 ]
GLUT4 has a Km value for glucose of about 5 mM, which as stated above is the normal blood glucose level in healthy individuals. GLUT4 is the most abundant glucose transporter in skeletal muscle and is thus considered to be rate limiting for glucose uptake and metabolism in resting muscles. [8]
SLC5A4, also known as SGLT3, is a member of the sodium-glucose cotransporter family. Unlike SGLT1 and SGLT2, which are efficient glucose transporters, SGLT3 functions primarily as a glucose sensor rather than a transporter. It has a low affinity for glucose and does not significantly contribute to glucose transport across cell membranes.
GLUT1 deficiency syndrome, also known as GLUT1-DS, De Vivo disease or Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome, is an autosomal dominant genetic metabolic disorder associated with a deficiency of GLUT1, the protein that transports glucose across the blood brain barrier. [1]
Glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), also known as solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4, is a protein encoded, in humans, by the SLC2A4 gene. GLUT4 is the insulin -regulated glucose transporter found primarily in adipose tissues and striated muscle (skeletal and cardiac).
n/a Ensembl n/a n/a UniProt n a n/a RefSeq (mRNA) n/a n/a RefSeq (protein) n/a n/a Location (UCSC) n/a n/a PubMed search n/a n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human Glut2basal.png Glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) also known as solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 2 (SLC2A2) is a transmembrane carrier protein that enables protein facilitated glucose movement across cell membranes ...
The glucose transporter (GLUTs) is a type of uniporter responsible for the facilitated diffusion of glucose molecules across cell membranes. [9] Glucose is a vital energy source for most living cells, however, due to its large size, it cannot freely move through the cell membrane. [16]
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