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Bismuth is an ingredient in some pharmaceuticals, [9] although the use of some of these substances is declining. [56] Bismuth subsalicylate is used to treat diarrhea; [9] it is the active ingredient in such "pink bismuth" preparations as Pepto-Bismol, as well as the 2004 reformulation of Kaopectate.
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure. Units of solubility are given in grams of substance per 100 millilitres of water (g/100 ml), unless shown otherwise. The substances are listed in alphabetical order.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
In oxidation state +3, bismuth forms salts with all the halogens: BiF 3, BiCl 3, BiBr 3, and BiI 3. All hydrolyze in water except BiF 3. [5] Bismuth(III) chloride reacts with hydrogen chloride in ether solution to produce the acid HBiCl 4. [10] The oxidation state +5 is less frequently encountered. One such compound is the powerful oxidant and ...
It has bismuth in its +5 oxidation state. It is a very strong oxidizing agent. It reacts with hot water to make bismuth(III) oxide and oxygen. It also reacts with acids. Sodium bismuthate is the most common bismuthate. It is one of the few sodium compounds that does not dissolve in water. [1]
Previously, it was believed that bismuthyl plays almost the main role in the geochemistry of bismuth and metamorphic processes taking place in a liquid medium. Already in ore waters, bismuth and its main compounds are oxidized, forming a sparingly soluble oxychloride — bismoclite, which, when mixed with bicarbonate background waters, is replaced by an even more sparingly soluble — bismuthite.
The solubility of a specific solute in a specific solvent is generally expressed as the concentration of a saturated solution of the two. [1] Any of the several ways of expressing concentration of solutions can be used, such as the mass, volume, or amount in moles of the solute for a specific mass, volume, or mole amount of the solvent or of the solution.
Bismuth subcarbonate can be attained from the reaction between bismuth nanoparticles and the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) dissolved in water. [6] Bismuth subcarbonate has the tendency to form nanoplates, but it can be also obtained as small round nanospheres (with controlled size) when it is grown in the presence of halloysite nanotubes. [6]