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The Citroën Traction Avant (French pronunciation: [tʁaksjɔnaˈvɑ̃]) is the world's first monocoque-bodied, front-wheel drive car that was mass-produced. [2] A range of mostly four-door saloons and executive cars, as well as longer wheelbased "Commerciale", [3] and three row seating "Familiale" models, were produced with four- and six-cylinder engines, by French carmaker Citroën from 1934 ...
While the derated "Traction Avant" four-cylinder engine and the unsophisticated three-speed gearbox (non-synchromesh on first gear) offered only a modest top speed of just under 100 km/h, the chassis and suspension layout provided good roadholding qualities for a van of the era, especially on the short-wheelbase version: low-slung chassis, with ...
Pichon-Parat was a French carrosserie based in the commune of Sens, in the department of Yonne.Established in 1952, it was known for producing custom cabriolet, coupé, estate car, and shooting brake conversions of established models from major automakers, and for building their own distinctive sporting models with completely original bodywork.
The designer of these cars, Alec Issigonis, was inspired by the Traction Avant's suspension, although the Morris cars were rear-wheel drive and used conventional leaf springs for their rear axles. The Minor used lever arm dampers with its torsion bars while the Oxford and the Six used innovative telescopic dampers .
Torsion bar suspension of a Citroën Traction Avant, with the torsion bar attached to the lower control arm. A control arm may be used to carry the suspension load and transmit them to the spring or shock absorber. [4] Torsion bar suspension commonly does this, with the outboard end of the torsion bar attached to the inboard bearing of the ...
The moving parts of the system, e.g., suspension strut or steering ram, are sealed by contact seals between the cylinder and piston for tightness under pressure. The other plastic/rubber parts are return tubes from valves such as the brake control or height corrector valves, also catching seeping fluid around the suspension push-rods.
In 1934, the firm established its reputation for innovative technology with the Traction Avant. [6] This was the world's first car to be mass-produced with front-wheel drive and four-wheel independent suspension, as well as unibody construction, omitting a separate chassis, and instead using the body of the car itself as its main load-bearing ...
After the introduction of the new Traction Avant, the lineup was modified and at the 1934 Paris Salon the two smaller models became the 7UA and the 11UA, now with the overhead-valve engines from the Traction. [1] Starting with the 1933 model year Citroen offered the 1,766 cc 11UD diesel engine option. [citation needed] [2]