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  2. Byzantine battle tactics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_battle_tactics

    The Byzantine cavalrymen and their horses were superbly trained and capable of performing complex manoeuvres. While a proportion of the cataphracts appear to have been lancers or archers only, most had bows and lances. Their main tactical units were the numerus (also called at times arithmos or banda) of 300-400 men.

  3. Cataphract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataphract

    The primary weapon of practically all cataphract forces throughout history was the lance. Cataphract lances (known in Greek as a Kontos ("oar") or in Latin as a Contus) appeared much like the Hellenistic armies' sarissae used by the famed Greek phalanxes as an anti-cavalry weapon. They were roughly four meters in length, with a capped point ...

  4. Byzantine army - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_army

    The Byzantine army was the primary military body of the Byzantine armed forces, serving alongside the Byzantine navy. A direct continuation of the Eastern Roman army , shaping and developing itself on the legacy of the late Hellenistic armies , [ 1 ] it maintained a similar level of discipline, strategic prowess and organization.

  5. List of Byzantine battles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_battles

    543 – Battle of Anglon – The Byzantine invasion of Persarmenia is defeated; 544 – Battle of Cillium – The Byzantine governor of Africa Solomon is killed by the Moors; Siege of Edessa – Unsuccessful siege of the Byzantine fortress of Edessa by the Sasanians; 546 – Sack of Rome by Totila, King of the Ostrogoths

  6. Equites cataphractarii - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equites_cataphractarii

    At the Battle of Turin the emperor Constantine I destroyed a numerous force of enemy cataphracts; he manoeuvred his army in such a way that his more lightly armoured and mobile cavalry were able to charge in on the exposed flanks of the cataphracts. Constantine's cavalry were equipped with iron-tipped clubs, ideal weapons for dealing with ...

  7. Praecepta Militaria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praecepta_Militaria

    As such, the treatise contains several novel aspects not touched upon in other Byzantine military manuals, such as an exact account of the formation and use of the cataphracts wedge, the new mixed infantry brigade , the proper formation of intervals between units and of how they should be guarded, and the use of the menavlon spear. The treatise ...

  8. Battle of the Yarmuk - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Yarmuk

    The Battle of the Yarmuk (also spelled Yarmouk) was a major battle between the army of the Byzantine Empire and the Arab Muslim forces of the Rashidun Caliphate.The battle consisted of a series of engagements that lasted for six days in August 636, near the Yarmouk River (also called the Hieromyces River), along what are now the borders of Syria–Jordan and Syria-Israel, southeast of the Sea ...

  9. Byzantine army (Komnenian era) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_army_(Komnenian_era)

    The Byzantine army of the Komnenian era or Komnenian army [2] was a force established by Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos during the late 11th/early 12th century. It was further developed during the 12th century by his successors John II Komnenos and Manuel I Komnenos.