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  2. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    The retention of few memories from before the age of four. Choice-supportive bias: The tendency to remember one's choices as better than they actually were. [153] Confirmation bias: The tendency to search for, interpret, or recall information in a way that confirms one's beliefs or hypotheses. See also under § Confirmation bias.

  3. List of valid argument forms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_valid_argument_forms

    It is, however, slightly more complicated than the first two. In short, it states that if one thing happens, another will as well. If that second thing happens, a third will follow it. Therefore, if the first thing happens, it is inevitable that the third will too. [3] It is shown below in logical form. If A, then B If B, then C Therefore if A ...

  4. Logical reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_reasoning

    [4] Logical reasoning is rigorous in the sense that it does not generate any conclusion but ensures that the premises support the conclusion and act as reasons for believing it. [5] [6] One central aspect is that this support is not restricted to a specific reasoner but that any rational person would find the conclusion convincing based on the ...

  5. Confirmation bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confirmation_bias

    One group was told this was to assess the woman for a job as a librarian, while a second group were told it was for a job in real estate sales. There was a significant difference between what these two groups recalled, with the "librarian" group recalling more examples of introversion and the "sales" groups recalling more extroverted behavior ...

  6. Reason - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reason

    Reason is the capacity of consciously applying logic by drawing valid conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth. [1] It is associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, religion, science, language, mathematics, and art, and is normally considered to be a distinguishing ability possessed by humans.

  7. Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Kohlberg's_stages...

    The intentions of actors play a more significant role in reasoning at this stage; one may feel more forgiving if one thinks that "they mean well". [5] In Stage four (authority and social order obedience driven), it is important to obey laws, dicta, and social conventions because of their importance in maintaining a functioning society. Moral ...

  8. Researcher: Four demographic groups define American ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/researcher-four-demographic-groups...

    (The Center Square) – There are four main demographic groups which define American polarization and may help explain the results of the 2024 General Election, according to decades worth of ...

  9. Four-valued logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-valued_logic

    These four values correspond to the elements of the power set based on {T, F}. T is the supremum and F the infimum in the logical lattice where None and Both are in the wings. Belnap has this interpretation: "The worst thing is to be told something is false simpliciter.