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Among the predators of these monkeys is the common chimpanzee. [117] The red-tailed monkey associates with several species, including the western red colobus, blue monkey, Wolf's mona monkey, mantled guereza, black crested mangabey and Allen's swamp monkey. [110] Several of these species are preyed upon by the common chimpanzee. [118]
Primates range in size from the 30-gram (1 oz) pygmy mouse lemur to the 200-kilogram (440 lb) mountain gorilla. According to fossil evidence, the primitive ancestors of primates may have existed in the late Cretaceous period around 65 mya (million years ago), and the oldest known primate is the Late Paleocene Plesiadapis, c. 55–58 mya.
The order Primates consists of 505 extant species belonging to 81 genera. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Modern molecular studies indicate that the 81 genera can be grouped into 16 families; these families are divided between two named suborders and are grouped in those suborders into named clades, and some of these families are subdivided into named ...
The Barbary macaque's main predators are the domestic dog, [7] leopard and eagles; the golden eagle may only prey on cubs, since it is morphologically not adapted to hunt primates. [38] The approach of eagles and domestic dogs is known to elicit an alarm call response. [7]
Tarsiers (/ ˈ t ɑːr s i ər z / TAR-see-ərz) are haplorhine primates of the family Tarsiidae, which is, itself, the lone extant family within the infraorder Tarsiiformes.Although the group was, prehistorically, more globally widespread, all of the species living today are restricted to Maritime Southeast Asia, predominantly in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines.
While tamarins spend much of their day foraging, they must be on high alert for aerial and terrestrial predators. Due to their small size compared to other primates, they are an easy target for predatory birds, snakes, and mammals. [16]
The chimpanzee and the bonobo are the only species in the genus Pan. Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing shows that Pan is a sister taxon to the human lineage and is thus humans' closest living relative. The chimpanzee is covered in coarse black hair but has a bare face, fingers, toes, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet.
There is no fixed definition of a large primate, it is typically assessed empirically. [1] Primates exhibit the highest levels of sexual dimorphism amongst mammals, [2] therefore the maximum body dimensions included in this list generally refer to male specimens. Mandrills and baboons are monkeys; the rest of the species on this list are apes.