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Those Macintoshes include a ROM chip varying in sizes up to 4 megabytes (MB), [8] which contains both the computer code to boot the computer and to run the Mac OS operating system. The ROM-resident portion of the Mac OS is the Macintosh Toolbox and the boot-ROM part of that ROM was retroactively named Old World ROM upon the release of the New ...
Since the Old World ROM usually boots to Toolbox, most OSs have to be installed using a boot loader from inside Mac OS (BootX is commonly used for Linux installations). 68K-based Macs and NuBus Power Macs must have Mac OS installed to load another OS (even A/UX, which was an Apple product), usually with virtual memory turned off.
The most popular PowerPC emulation tools for Mac OS/Mac OS X are Microsoft's Virtual PC, and the open-source QEMU. [8] Linux dual-booting is achieved by partitioning the boot drive, installing the Yaboot bootloader onto the Linux partition, and selecting that Linux partition as the Startup Disk. This results in users being prompted to select ...
On Apple Mac computers using Intel x86-64 processor architecture, the EFI system partition is initially left blank and unused for booting into macOS. [13] [14]However, the EFI system partition is used as a staging area for firmware updates [15] and for the Microsoft Windows bootloader for Mac computers configured to boot into a Windows partition using Boot Camp.
Macs made from 1984 to 1998 used Old World ROM as the boot loader for all Macs produced around that time period. From 1998 up until the PowerPC to Intel transition, New World ROM was used for all Macs starting with the first iMac and later expanding to the first iBook and the Blue and White Power Mac G3.
A facility for loading the Toolbox from the startup device was, however, made available, allowing the use of Mac OS 8 and Mac OS 9 on New World machines. The New World architecture was developed for the Macintosh Network Computer , an unrealized project that eventually contributed several key technologies to the first-generation iMac.
For iPhones, iPads and Apple silicon-based Macs, the boot process starts by running the device's boot ROM. On iPhones and iPads with A9 or earlier A-series processors, the boot ROM loads the Low-Level Bootloader ( LLB ), which is the stage 1 bootloader and loads iBoot; on Macs and devices with A10 or later processors, the boot ROM loads iBoot.
In these cases a computer can often be "redirected" to boot from a USB device through use of an initial bootable CD or floppy disk. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Some Intel-based Macintosh computers have limitations when booting from USB devices – while the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) firmware can recognize and boot from USB drives, it can do ...