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Sheep and goats are both small ruminants with cosmopolitan distributions due to their being kept historically and in modern times as grazers both individually and in herds in return for their production of milk, wool, and meat. [1] As such, the diseases of these animals are of great economic importance to humans.
In frothy bloat (primary ruminal tympany), the gas produced by fermentation is trapped within the fermenting material in the rumen, causing a build up of foam which cannot be released by burping. [3] In cattle, the disease may be triggered after an animal eats a large amount of easily fermenting plants, such as legumes , alfalfa , red clover ...
Dictyocaulus viviparus found in the bronchi of a calf during necropsy (arrow). Parasitic bronchitis, also known as hoose, husk, or verminous bronchitis, [1] is a disease of sheep, cattle, goats, [2] and swine caused by the presence of various species of parasite, commonly known as lungworms, [3] in the bronchial tubes or in the lungs.
Sheep may develop clinical signs, but this is also rare. [2] EHD is often called bluetongue, but this is incorrect. Bluetongue virus is closely related to EHDV, and has similar clinical signs, but it is a different disease. Bluetongue is a serious disease in cattle, as well as other ruminants, and can have a significant effect on international ...
The tongue is swollen, cyanotic, and protruding from the mouth. In sheep, BTV causes an acute disease with high morbidity and mortality. BTV also infects goats, cattle, and other domestic animals, as well as wild ruminants (for example, blesbuck , white-tailed deer , elk , and pronghorn antelope ).
While it rarely affects humans, foot-and-mouth is highly contagious in pigs, sheep and cattle, as well as other cloven-hoofed animals. In 2001 and 2007, the UK suffered major outbreaks of the ...
In sheep, the disease is also called "circling disease". [4] The most obvious signs for the veterinarians are neurological, especially lateral deviation of the neck and head, opisthotonus or emprosthotonus. Other signs comprises compulsive movements of the lips, facial and masticatory muscles, with food staying in mouth.
Some sheep have an arched back and show pain when defecating. Tenesmus may be noticed when taking rectal temperature. Fluid faeces are olive green to brown. Examination of the mouth shows ulceration of the buccal mucosae, especially on the inner face of the lips, and neighboring gum.