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The personalised nature of the Shah's government, where prevention of any possible competitor to the monarch trumped efficient and effective government and led to the crown's cultivation of divisions within the army and the political elite, [91] ultimately leading to a lack of support for the regime by its natural allies when needed most ...
The Iranian Revolution was a gendered revolution; much of the new regime's rhetoric was centered on the position of women in society. [178] Beyond rhetoric, thousands of women were also heavily mobilized in the revolution itself, [179] and different groups of women actively participated alongside their male counterparts. [180]
A group of critics believe that the author has leftist intellectual tendencies. [8] And he is one of the orientalists who, with a Marxist theoretical framework, aims to examine the course of social developments in Iran between the two constitutional revolution and the Islamic revolution, and it seems that with emphasizing on the economic factors, the author intended to show that the Iranian ...
The Iranian Revolution, also known as the Islamic Revolution, [194] was the revolution that transformed Iran from an absolute monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, one of the leaders of the revolution and founder of the Islamic Republic. [22]
Reza Aslan argues that a major lesson of the Revolution is that what separates the "countless uprisings and popular protests" throughout the last hundred odd year of Iranian history from those in 1906, in 1953 and in 1979 that "ultimately resulted in radical change" is the ability to bring together a coalition of "the educated middle class ...
In his famed January–February 1970 lectures to students in Najaf, Khomeini spelled out his system of "Islamic Government" based on the principle of velayat-e faqih. He argued that since Muslims, in fact everyone, required "guardianship," in the form of rule or supervision, true Islamic government must be by the leading Islamic jurist or jurists—such as Khomeini himself. [15]
Abrahamian, E. “Reform, Revolution, and the Great War.” A History of Modern Iran. New York: Cambridge University Press. (2008). Afshari, M. R. “The Pishivaran and Merchants in Precapitalist Iranian Society: An Essay on the Background and Causes of the Constitutional Revolution.” International Journal of Middle East Studies, 15(2), 133-155.
Mehdi Bazargan (Persian: مهدی بازرگان; 1 September 1907 – 20 January 1995) was an Iranian scholar, academic, long-time pro-democracy activist and head of Iran's interim government. One of the leading figures of Iranian Revolution of 1979, he was appointed prime minister in February 1979 by Ayatollah Khomeini , making him Iran's ...