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The most commonly used stain in histology is a combination of hematoxylin and eosin (often abbreviated H&E). Hematoxylin is used to stain nuclei blue, while eosin stains the cytoplasm and the extracellular connective tissue matrix of most cells pink. There are hundreds of various other techniques which have been used to selectively stain cells.
Specifically, in clinical medicine, histopathology refers to the examination of a biopsy or surgical specimen by a pathologist, after the specimen has been processed and histological sections have been placed onto glass slides. [17] This contrasts with the methods of cytopathology, which uses free cells or tissue fragments.
Histopathology is the branch of histology that includes the microscopic identification and study of diseased tissue. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] It is an important part of anatomical pathology and surgical pathology , as accurate diagnosis of cancer and other diseases often requires histopathological examination of tissue samples. [ 10 ]
It is also at this step that the pathologist selects areas that will be processed for histopathology. The eye can sometimes be aided with a magnifying glass or a stereo microscope, especially when examining parasitic organisms. Histopathology – the microscopic examination of stained tissue sections using histological techniques.
The Alzheimer type II astrocyte is thought to be a pathological type of cell in the brain; however, its exact pathology remains unknown. Like other astrocytes, it is a non-neuronal glial cell. It's mainly seen in diseases that cause increased levels of ammonia (hyperammonemia), such as chronic liver disease and Wilson's disease. [1]
Such cells have been called hybrid brain cells because they exhibit both neuron-like and glial-like properties. Unlike traditional neurons , these cells not only transmit electrical signals but also provide supportive roles typically associated with glial cells , such as regulating the brain's extracellular environment and maintaining overall ...
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration; Neuropathologic analysis of brain tissue from FTLD-TDP patients. Ubiquitin immunohistochemistry in cases of familial FTLD-TDP demonstrates staining of (a) neurites and neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions in the superficial cerebral neocortex, (b) neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions in hippocampal dentate granule cells, and (c) neuronal intranuclear inclusions in the ...
Some plaques occur in the brain as a result of aging, but large numbers of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are characteristic features of Alzheimer's disease. [5] The plaques are highly variable in shape and size; in tissue sections immunostained for Aβ, they comprise a log-normal size distribution curve, with an average plaque area of 400 ...