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  2. Historical inheritance systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_inheritance_systems

    Complex inheritance happened when the homestead was separated into two or three units, depending on the number of wives, and the eldest son of each wife became heir of their unit. If there was no heir in one of the units, the heir of the other inherited both. This form of inheritance was seen among the Xhosa people of south eastern South Africa ...

  3. Epikleros - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epikleros

    Athens is the city-state that is best documented, both in terms of epikleroi and in all aspects of legal history. Athenian law on epikleroi was attributed to Solon; women with no brothers had to marry their nearest male relative on their paternal side of the family, starting with their father's brother and moving from there to the next nearest male relative on the paternal side. [9]

  4. Per capita - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_capita

    Per capita is a Latin phrase literally meaning "by heads" or "for each head", and idiomatically used to mean "per person". The term is used in a wide variety of social sciences and statistical research contexts, including government statistics, economic indicators , and built environment studies.

  5. Per stirpes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_stirpes

    Per stirpes (/ p ɜːr ˈ s t ɜːr p iː z /; "by roots" or "by stock") [1] is a legal term from Latin, used in the law of inheritance and estates.An estate of a decedent is distributed per stirpes if each branch of the family is to receive an equal share of an estate.

  6. Primogeniture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primogeniture

    In Japan, the Imperial chronologies include eight reigning empresses from ancient times up through the Edo period; however, their successors were most often selected from amongst the males of the paternal Imperial bloodline, which is why some conservative scholars argue that the women's reigns were temporary and that male-only succession ...

  7. Adoption in ancient Rome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adoption_in_ancient_Rome

    From the study of this history we may also learn how a good government is to be established; for while all the emperors who succeeded to the throne by birth, except Titus, were bad, all were good who succeeded by adoption, as in the case of the five from Nerva to Marcus. But as soon as the empire fell once more to the heirs by birth, its ruin ...

  8. Estimates of historical world population - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estimates_of_historical...

    Graph of world population over the past 12,000 years . As a general rule, the confidence of estimates on historical world population decreases for the more distant past. Robust population data exist only for the last two or three centuries. Until the late 18th century, few governments had ever performed an accurate census.

  9. Economic history of the world - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_world

    The economic history of the world encompasses the development of human economic activity throughout time. It has been estimated that throughout prehistory, the world average GDP per capita was about $158 per annum (inflation adjusted for 2013), and did not rise much until the Industrial Revolution.