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  2. Glossary of genetics and evolutionary biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_genetics_and...

    Also called functionalism. The Darwinian view that many or most physiological and behavioral traits of organisms are adaptations that have evolved for specific functions or for specific reasons (as opposed to being byproducts of the evolution of other traits, consequences of biological constraints, or the result of random variation). adaptive radiation The simultaneous or near-simultaneous ...

  3. Polygenism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygenism

    When comparing Caucasians to those with dark skin, Voltaire claimed they were different species: The negro race is a species of men different from ours as the breed of spaniels is from that of greyhounds. The mucous membrane, or network, which nature has spread between the muscles and the skin, is white in us and black or copper-colored in them ...

  4. Speciesism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speciesism

    Speciesism (/ ˈ s p iː ʃ iː ˌ z ɪ z ə m,-s iː ˌ z ɪ z-/) is a term used in philosophy regarding the treatment of individuals of different species. The term has several different definitions. [1] Some specifically define speciesism as discrimination or unjustified treatment based on an individual's species membership, [2] [3] [4] while ...

  5. Interspecies friendship - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interspecies_friendship

    Two goats and a cat sitting in the shade. An interspecies friendship is a nonsexual bond that is formed between animals of different species. [1] Numerous cases of interspecies friendships among wild and domesticated animals have been reported and documented with photography and video. [1]

  6. Scientific racism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_racism

    Scientific racism, sometimes termed biological racism, is the pseudoscientific belief that the human species is divided into biologically distinct taxa called "races", [1] [2] [3] and that empirical evidence exists to support or justify racial discrimination, racial inferiority, or racial superiority.

  7. Word from the Smokies: At 50, Endangered Species Act ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/word-smokies-50-endangered-species...

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  8. Intraspecific competition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraspecific_competition

    By contrast, interspecific competition occurs when members of different species compete for a shared resource. Members of the same species have rather similar requirements for resources, whereas different species have a smaller contested resource overlap , resulting in intraspecific competition generally being a stronger force than ...

  9. Evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution

    Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. [1] [2] It occurs when evolutionary processes such as natural selection and genetic drift act on genetic variation, resulting in certain characteristics becoming more or less common within a population over successive generations. [3]