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Signal sampling representation. The continuous signal S(t) is represented with a green colored line while the discrete samples are indicated by the blue vertical lines. In signal processing, sampling is the reduction of a continuous-time signal to a discrete-time signal. A common example is the conversion of a sound wave to a sequence of "samples".
The Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem is an essential principle for digital signal processing linking the frequency range of a signal and the sample rate required to avoid a type of distortion called aliasing. The theorem states that the sample rate must be at least twice the bandwidth of the signal to avoid aliasing.
Only the change of information is sent, that is, only an increase or decrease of the signal amplitude from the previous sample is sent whereas a no-change condition causes the modulated signal to remain at the same ↗ or ↘ state of the previous sample. To achieve high signal-to-noise ratio, delta modulation must use oversampling techniques ...
The input can be an analog signal or a digital signal. If the input is a continuous-time analog signal, it needs to be sampled first so that a discrete-time signal is the input to the DPCM encoder. Option 1: take the values of two consecutive samples; if they are analog samples, quantize them; calculate the difference between the first one and ...
Differential equations [16] - for modeling system behavior, connecting input and output relations in linear time-invariant systems. For instance, a low-pass filter such as an RC circuit can be modeled as a differential equation in signal processing, which allows one to compute the continuous output signal as function of the input or initial ...
Reduce high-frequency signal components with a digital lowpass filter. Decimate the filtered signal by M; that is, keep only every M th sample. Step 2 alone creates undesirable aliasing (i.e. high-frequency signal components will copy into the lower frequency band and be mistaken for lower frequencies). Step 1, when necessary, suppresses ...
Northwell Health focuses on how women need access to supplemental screening tests to find the cancers that mammograms might miss.
Digital signal processing (DSP) is the use of digital processing, such as by computers or more specialized digital signal processors, to perform a wide variety of signal processing operations. The digital signals processed in this manner are a sequence of numbers that represent samples of a continuous variable in a domain such as time, space ...