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An isolation transformer is a transformer used to transfer electrical power from a source of alternating current (AC) power to some equipment or device while isolating the powered device from the power source, usually for safety reasons or to reduce transients and harmonics. [1]
A line isolation transformer for telephone use is a special type of impedance matching transformer that is used to couple telephone land lines to subscriber equipment to prevent dangerous common mode voltages from appearing on the line.
The primary winding of the transformer is connected to the high voltage or high current circuit, and the meter or relay is connected to the secondary circuit. Instrument transformers may also be used as an isolation transformer so that secondary quantities may be used without affecting the primary circuitry. [14]
A transformer is the most widespread example of galvanic isolation. An opto-isolator is a very popular method of isolation in digital circuits. Cross-section of dual in-line package opto-isolators. Relative sizes of LED (red) and sensor (green) are exaggerated.
The two interlocking rings are the primary and secondary transformer windings. The spherical objects directly below and to the right of the windings are a spark ball gap, for lightning protection. An Austin ring transformer is a special type of isolation transformer with low capacitance between the primary and secondary windings and high isolation.
Bill Whitlock, president of Jensen Transformers, writes, "never, ever use devices such as 3 to 2-prong AC plug adapters, a.k.a. 'ground lifters', to solve a noise problem!" [ 5 ] Whitlock relates how an electrical fault in one device that is connected to its electricity source through an ungrounded cheater plug will result in dangerous, high ...
Various forms of flexible terminals, expansion joints, and weatherproof or fire-proof bushings and terminals are used with isolated-phase bus. Some types of apparatus such as disconnecting switches, circuit breakers, and instrument transformers are made in enclosures that can be welded to become an integral part of the isolated-phase bus system.
A conventional six-winding, grounding transformer or zigzag bank, [1] with the same winding and core quantity as a conventional three-phase transformer, can also be used in zigzag winding connection. In all cases the first coil on each zigzag winding core is connected contrariwise to the second coil on the next core.