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Apple trees are susceptible to many diseases, and because pruning involves leaving open wounds from branch cuts, it's best to do so when the trees are dormant, says Ferguson. Waiting until winter ...
Grafting or graftage [1] is a horticultural technique whereby tissues of plants are joined so as to continue their growth together. The upper part of the combined plant is called the scion (/ ˈ s aɪ ə n /) while the lower part is called the rootstock. The success of this joining requires that the vascular tissues grow together.
For commercial purposes, including botanical evaluation, apple cultivars are propagated by clonal grafting onto rootstocks. Apple trees grown without rootstocks tend to be larger and much slower to fruit after planting. Rootstocks are used to control the speed of growth and the size of the resulting tree, allowing for easier harvesting.
The Polish apple rootstocks were designed specifically for winter hardiness. [13] "A2": Developed in Sweden for hardiness and strength. [14] Seedling: Very vigorous trees produced on a rootstock grown from seed. There is greater variability than with the vegetatively propagated rootstocks.
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Specific replant disease (also known as sick soil syndrome) is a malady that manifests itself when susceptible plants such as apples, pears, plums, cherries and roses are placed into soil previously occupied by a related species. The exact causes are not known, but in the first year the new plants will grow poorly.