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"Simple gravity pendulum" model assumes no friction or air resistance. A pendulum is a device made of a weight suspended from a pivot so that it can swing freely. [1] When a pendulum is displaced sideways from its resting, equilibrium position, it is subject to a restoring force due to gravity that will accelerate it back toward the equilibrium position.
A simple gravity pendulum [1] is an idealized mathematical model of a real pendulum. [2] [3] [4] It is a weight (or bob) on the end of a massless cord suspended from a pivot, without friction.
Galileo claimed that a simple pendulum is isochronous, i.e. that its swings always take the same amount of time, independently of the amplitude. In fact, this is only approximately true, [195] as was discovered by Christiaan Huygens. Galileo also found that the square of the period varies directly with the length of the pendulum.
A pendulum clock is a clock that uses a pendulum, a swinging weight, as its timekeeping element. The advantage of a pendulum for timekeeping is that it is an approximate harmonic oscillator : It swings back and forth in a precise time interval dependent on its length, and resists swinging at other rates.
The Foucault pendulum or Foucault's pendulum is a simple device named after French physicist Léon Foucault, conceived as an experiment to demonstrate the Earth's rotation. If a long and heavy pendulum suspended from the high roof above a circular area is monitored over an extended period of time, its plane of oscillation appears to change ...
The Shortt–Synchronome clock, an electrical driven pendulum clock designed in 1921, was the first clock to be a more accurate timekeeper than the Earth itself. [167] A succession of innovations and discoveries led to the invention of the modern quartz timer. The vacuum tube oscillator was invented in 1912. [168]
Christiaan Huygens, Lord of Zeelhem, FRS (/ ˈ h aɪ ɡ ən z / HY-gənz, [2] US also / ˈ h ɔɪ ɡ ən z / HOY-gənz; [3] Dutch: [ˈkrɪstijaːn ˈɦœyɣə(n)s] ⓘ; also spelled Huyghens; Latin: Hugenius; 14 April 1629 – 8 July 1695) was a Dutch mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor who is regarded as a key figure in the Scientific Revolution.
A Kater's pendulum is a reversible free swinging pendulum invented by British physicist and army captain Henry Kater in 1817 (made public on 29 January 1818), [1] for use as a gravimeter instrument to measure the local acceleration of gravity.