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Fenton's reagent is a solution of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) and an iron catalyst (typically iron(II) sulfate, FeSO 4). [1] It is used to oxidize contaminants or waste water as part of an advanced oxidation process. Fenton's reagent can be used to destroy organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene).
Rust converters are chemical solutions or primers that can be applied directly to an iron or iron alloy surface to convert iron oxides into a protective chemical barrier. These compounds interact with iron oxides, especially iron(III) oxide , converting them into an adherent black layer ( black oxide ) that is more resistant to moisture and ...
Electrokinetic remediation, also termed electrokinetics, is a technique of using direct electric current to remove organic, inorganic and heavy metal particles from the soil by electric potential. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The use of this technique provides an approach with minimum disturbance to the surface while treating subsurface contaminants .
Deep soil mixing requires specialized auger mixing equipment. In order to apply this method in-situ and in deep soil, the oxidant must be pumped to the point of mixing using a kelly bar (a piece of earth drilling equipment), or appropriate piping to the place where the soil needs to be oxidized. The soil then has to be mixed by using mixing blades.
Simple scheme of the apparatus for electro-oxidation process. The set-up for performing an electro-oxidation treatment consists of an electrochemical cell.An external electric potential difference (aka voltage) is applied to the electrodes, resulting in the formation of reactive species, namely hydroxyl radicals, in the proximity of the electrode surface. [11]
Hydroxyl radicals are produced with the help of one or more primary oxidants (e.g. ozone, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen) and/or energy sources (e.g. ultraviolet light) or catalysts (e.g. titanium dioxide). Precise, pre-programmed dosages, sequences and combinations of these reagents are applied in order to obtain a maximum •OH yield.
Molecular models of the different molecules active in Piranha solution: peroxysulfuric acid (H 2 SO 5) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). Piranha solution, also known as piranha etch, is a mixture of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2).
In general usage, the term "soil conditioner" is often thought of as a subset of the category soil amendments (or soil improvement, soil condition), which more often is understood to include a wide range of fertilizers and non-organic materials. [1] In the context of construction soil conditioning is also called soil stabilization.