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The Eurasian Steppe, also called the Great Steppe or The Steppes, is the vast steppe ecoregion of Eurasia in the temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biome. It stretches through Hungary , Bulgaria , Romania , Moldova , Ukraine , southern Russia , Kazakhstan , Xinjiang , Mongolia and Manchuria , with one major exclave , the Pannonian ...
Central Asia is a region of varied geography, including high passes and mountains , vast deserts (Kyzyl Kum, Taklamakan), and especially treeless, grassy steppes. The vast steppe areas of Central Asia are considered together with the steppes of Eastern Europe as a homogeneous geographical zone known as the Eurasian Steppe.
Another large steppe area is located in the central United States, western Canada and the northern part of Mexico. The shortgrass prairie steppe is the westernmost part of the Great Plains region. The Columbia Plateau in southern British Columbia , Oregon , Idaho , and Washington state , is an example of a steppe region in North America outside ...
The Steppe Route centered on the North Asian steppes and connected eastern Europe to northeastern China. [3] The Eurasian Steppe has a wide and plane topography, and a unique ecosystem. [4] The Steppe Route extended from the mouth of the Danube River to the Pacific Ocean. It was bounded on the north by the forests of Russia and Siberia. There ...
[22] [23] The Scythians may have adopted this gender tradition from other Central Asian steppe or Siberian societies. [24] Similar transgender phenomena have also been documented among Turkic peoples in Central Asia, as well as in other nomads from Siberia. [25] [26] There is striking uniformity in the material cultures of Eurasian nomads. [27]
Between them on the central steppe was the horse-using Botai culture. After 2000 BC the Andronovo Culture complex was southeast of the Urals. They had chariots, fortified towns, spread southeast to much of central Asia and are associated with the rise of the Indo-Iranian languages. The usage of iron appears around 1000 BC.
Homo sapiens reached Central Asia by 50,000 to 40,000 years ago. The Tibetan Plateau is thought to have been reached by 38,000 years ago. [7] [8] [9] The currently oldest modern human sample found in northern Central Asia, is a 45,000-year-old remain, which was genetically closest to ancient and modern East Asians, but his lineage died out quite early.
The Pontic–Caspian Steppe is a steppe extending across Eastern Europe to Central Asia, formed by the Caspian and Pontic steppes. It stretches from the northern shores of the Black Sea (the Pontus Euxinus of antiquity) to the northern area around the Caspian Sea , where it ends at the Ural-Caspian narrowing, which joins it with the Kazakh ...