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A common form of radiculitis is sciatica – radicular pain that radiates along the sciatic nerve from the lower spine to the lower back, gluteal muscles, back of the upper thigh, calf, and foot as often secondary to nerve root irritation from a spinal disc herniation or from osteophytes in the lumbar region of the spine.
Radiculopathy can result in pain (radicular pain), weakness, altered sensation (paresthesia) or difficulty controlling specific muscles. [1] Pinched nerves arise when surrounding bone or tissue, such as cartilage, muscles or tendons, put pressure on the nerve and disrupt its function. [2]
Sciatica often results in pain radiating down the leg. The term "sciatica" usually describes a symptom—pain along the sciatic nerve pathway—rather than a specific condition, illness, or disease. [4] Some use it to mean any pain starting in the lower back and going down the leg. [4]
Radiculopathy (with or without radicular pain), [20] a neurologic condition in which nerve root dysfunction causes objective signs such as weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of reflex. Cauda equina syndrome: [22] lower extremity pain, weakness, numbness that may involve perineum and buttocks, associated with bladder and bowel dysfunction.
A positive Spurling's sign is when the pain arising in the neck radiates in the direction of the corresponding dermatome ipsilaterally. [1] It is a type of cervical compression test. Patients with a positive Spurling's sign can present with a variety of symptoms, including pain, numbness and weakness.
The description of the symptoms may range from tenderness at a particular point, to diffuse pain. It may or may not worsen with certain movements, such as raising a leg, or positions, such as sitting or standing. Pain radiating down the legs (known as sciatica) may be present. The first experience of acute low back pain is typically between the ...
Low back pain accounts for 17% of all physician visits of people aged 65 and older. [37] From this population, a large portion of radicular pain stems not from disk pathology, but from lumbar spinal stenosis. [37] According to Kalff et al., 21% of people over the age of 60 have lumbar spinal stenosis, as confirmed by radiological screening. [38]
Specifically, this test is used to evaluate for nerve root compression at C5-C7. It is often used when a patient presents with neck pain that radiates down the ipsilateral upper extremity. [2] The patient's shoulder is abducted by lifting the affected arm above their head either actively or passively.