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The synthetic barrier membrane is used specifically in dental implants and for guided tissue regeneration (GTR) as well as guided bone regeneration (GBE). [14] Some are biodegradable membranes, while others are not, and are typically correlated with more surgical complications.
Metallic glasses based on magnesium with zinc and calcium addition are tested as the potential biocompatible metallic biomaterials for biodegradable medical implants [14] Biocompatibility (or tissue compatibility) describes the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response when applied as intended.
Biodegradable implant materials can now be used for minimally invasive surgical procedures through degradable thermoplastic polymers. These polymers are now able to change their shape with increase of temperature, causing shape memory capabilities as well as easily degradable sutures.
The medical implant is mainly fabricated using stainless steel and titanium alloys for strength and the plastic coating that is done on it acts as an artificial cartilage. [2] The biodegradable metals in this category are magnesium-based [ 3 ] and iron-based alloys, though recently zinc has also been investigated. [ 4 ]
An implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing biological structure, support a damaged biological structure, or enhance an existing biological structure. For example, an implant may be a rod, used to strengthen weak bones. Medical implants are human-made devices, in contrast to a transplant, which is a transplanted biomedical ...
[2] [3] In the field of controlled drug delivery, biodegradable polymers offer tremendous potential either as a drug delivery system alone or in conjunction to functioning as a medical device. [4] In the development of applications of biodegradable polymers, the chemistry of some polymers including synthesis and degradation is reviewed below.
Biodegradable implants are made of materials, typically, either water-soluble or metabolizable to degrade into un-harmful byproducts which can be safely excreted by the human body. [2] [4] It is important to note the release of the therapeutic drug is determined by the degradation of the implant and the diffusion rate of the drug substance. [2]
If successful, tissue engineering if successful may replace conventional treatments like organ transplants or artificial implants. Nanoparticles such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide are being used as reinforcing agents to fabricate mechanically strong biodegradable polymeric nanocomposites for bone ...