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  2. Cubic equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_equation

    In algebra, a cubic equation in one variable is an equation of the form + + + = in which a is not zero. The solutions of this equation are called roots of the cubic function defined by the left-hand side of the equation.

  3. Cubic equations of state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_equations_of_state

    Proposed in 1873, the van der Waals equation of state was one of the first to perform markedly better than the ideal gas law. In this equation, usually is called the attraction parameter and the repulsion parameter (or the effective molecular volume). While the equation is definitely superior to the ideal gas law and does predict the formation ...

  4. Casus irreducibilis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casus_irreducibilis

    Casus irreducibilis (from Latin 'the irreducible case') is the name given by mathematicians of the 16th century to cubic equations that cannot be solved in terms of real radicals, that is to those equations such that the computation of the solutions cannot be reduced to the computation of square and cube roots.

  5. Redlich–Kwong equation of state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redlich–Kwong_equation_of...

    Moreover, analytic solutions to cubic functions have been known for centuries and are even faster for computers. The Redlich-Kwong equation of state may also be expressed as a cubic function of the molar volume. [7] For all Redlich–Kwong gases: = where: Z c is the compressibility factor at the critical point

  6. Equation of state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation_of_state

    Cubic equations of state originated from the van der Waals equation of state. Hence, all cubic equations of state can be considered 'modified van der Waals equation of state'. There is a very large number of such cubic equations of state. For process engineering, cubic equations of state are today still highly relevant, e.g. the Peng Robinson ...

  7. List of common physics notations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_common_physics...

    kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m 3) volume charge density: coulomb per cubic meter (C/m 3) resistivity: ohm meter (Ω⋅m) sigma: summation operator area charge density: coulomb per square meter (C/m 2) electrical conductivity: siemens per meter (S/m) normal stress: pascal (Pa) scattering cross section: barn (10^-28 m^2)

  8. Viscosity models for mixtures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscosity_models_for_mixtures

    This functional relationship is described by a mathematical viscosity model called a constitutive equation which is usually far more complex than the defining equation of shear viscosity. One such complicating feature is the relation between the viscosity model for a pure fluid and the model for a fluid mixture which is called mixing rules.

  9. Solution in radicals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solution_in_radicals

    A solution in radicals or algebraic solution is an expression of a solution of a polynomial equation that is algebraic, that is, relies only on addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to integer powers, and extraction of n th roots (square roots, cube roots, etc.). A well-known example is the quadratic formula