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The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is a very important crop for subsistence farmers in Africa and developing countries in other regions. [1] [2] Its relatively short growing period, tolerance to drought and high yield from poor soils lead to its use as a famine reserve for many of these households.
The sweet potato or sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting tuberous roots are used as a root vegetable. [3] [4] The young shoots and leaves are sometimes eaten as greens.
The enlarged area of the tuber can be produced at the end or middle of a root or involve the entire root. It is thus different in origin, but similar in function and appearance, to a stem tuber. Plants with tuberous roots include the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), cassava, dahlia, and Sagittaria (arrowhead) species. [citation needed]
Adventitious storage roots – similar function as storage-taproots. Tuberous roots or root tubers – Narrow sense, those storage roots that do not conform to a specific shape, such as fasciculated, nodulose moniliform, annulated, etc.: e.g. sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), whose edible part is a root of this type. Broader sense, adventitious ...
Even though these growers called their products yams, true yams are significantly different. All sweet potatoes are variations of one species: I. batatas. Yams are any of various tropical species of the genus Dioscorea. A yam tuber is starchier, dryer, and often larger than the storage root of a sweet potato, and the skin is more coarse. [3]
Cassava tuberous roots. Tuberous root. Amorphophallus galbra (yellow lily yam) Conopodium majus (pignut or earthnut) Dioscorea spp. (yams, ube) Dioscorea polystachya (nagaimo, Chinese yam, Korean yam, mountain yam, white ñame) Hornstedtia scottiana (native ginger) Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) Ipomoea costata (desert yam)
Viruses are common among sweet potatoes because their propagation is commonly dependent on stored roots or stems. Therefore, viruses can build up and have delayed emergence over the years. [ 4 ] Viruses in sweet potatoes are problematic because they decrease crop yield and quality of storage roots. [ 5 ]
In some species (e.g. Cyclamen coum) roots come from the bottom of the tuber, suggesting that it is a stem tuber; in others (e.g. Cyclamen hederifolium) roots come largely from the top of the tuber, suggesting that it is a root tuber. [6] As an example of a combination, juno irises have both bulbs and storage roots. [7]