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Bossa nova (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbɔsɐ ˈnɔvɐ] ⓘ) is a relaxed style of samba [nb 1] developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. [2] It is mainly characterized by a calm syncopated rhythm with chords and fingerstyle mimicking the beat of a samba groove, as if it was a simplification and stylization on the guitar of the rhythm produced by a samba school band.
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[3]: xxii It has a bossa nova feel and features a bass ostinato. [3]: xxii "It contains only four chords: Fm 9 - E ♭ 9 - D ♭ 9 - C 9. The piece uses even eighth notes throughout, not swing eighths." [4] In his biography, Silver describes composing the song while attempting to use the bossa nova rhythm he had observed in Brazil. [5]
Bossa nova stick pattern (Play ⓘ). The so-called "bossa nova clave" (or "Brazilian clave") has a similar rhythm to that of the son clave, but the second note on the two-side is delayed by one pulse (subdivision). The rhythm is typically played as a snare rim pattern in bossa nova music. The pattern is shown below in 2
The song title refers to the main melody line, which at first consists of a long series of notes of a single tone (typically D, as played in the key of G) played over a descending chord progression in a bossa nova rhythm. The first eight measures consist of D, followed by four measures of G, and then four measures of D.
Powell studied advanced harmony with Moacir Santos and released recordings on the Brazilian labels Elenco Records and Forma, as well as in the French label Barclay and the German label MPS/Saba (notably, his 1966 Tristeza on Guitar). He was the house guitarist for Elenco, and of the singer Elis Regina's TV show O Fino da Bossa.
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In addition to bossa nova, other new samba sub-genres emerged in this period between the late 1950s and early 1960s. The rise of nightclubs as the main nightlife venues in Rio disseminated variety shows with the participation of sambistas and samba dancers, [ 165 ] mainly performed by instrumental musical ensemble with keyboard, electric guitar ...